The Glenorchy / Breadalbane Campbell's -------------------------------------- (c) David Powell, http://roots-boots.net/ft/names.html Last revision: 13th April, 2002 The Campbell's -------------- The history of the Campbell family is one that is closely entwined with that of Scotland. At times in Scottish history, the Campbell's were effectively the government of western Scotland. While not royalty, at many times they were very much the powers behind the throne. Much of the fame - and infamity - of the Campbell's is associated with the Earl's of Argyll, descendents of Colin (?-1493) who was the first Earl of Argyll. It was under the l0th Earl, who backed William of Orange in l688-89, that the Campbells earned lasting infamy for their role in the notorious Massacre of Glencoe (1692).[21] Whilst this deed can be laid at the doorstep of the Argyll Campbell's, the other branches of the family have their fair share. And indeed, the then Lord of Glenorchy was implicated in the Glencoe massacre.[23] The Campbell's of Glenorchy aquired their territory (by force) from the McGregors, whom they continued to oppress for long after.[21] The Glenorchy Campbell's became the Earls of Breadalbane in 1677.[21] The other main branch of the Campbell's are the Cawdor Campbells, who stem from an act of dynastic piracy on the part of the 2nd Earl of Argyll. In 1499 he kidnapped the infant daughter of the Thane of Cawdor a few weeks after the latter's death, and married her to his third son, Sir John Campbell, making the Campbells Lords of Cawdor.[21] Traditional Origins ------------------- Traditionally (ie: take with several large grains of salt), the Campbell's have claimed descent from the earliest kings of Ireland, and therefore from the first kings of Dalriada in western Scotland (modern-day Argyll).[21] They have also claimed kinship with Somerled, the half-Scot, half-Norse king of the Western Isles and parts of the mainland, who was killed in battle against the Scots in 1164.[21] The original Celtic clan name was 'Clan Duihne', from Diarmiad O'Duine,[22,23] the Ossianic hero from whom descent is claimed.[23,34] It has also been claimed that the family descends from the Norman knight, De Campo Bello, alleged to have come to England with William the Conqueror, however this is pure speculation and there is no evidence for his existence,[34] his name not appearing in any of the lists of those who accompanied William.[35] It has also been suggested that the family derive (on the male side) from Flemish roots and there is indeed some evidence to support this theory (see below). Seats of the Glenorchy Campbell's - Kilchurn & Taymouth ------------------------------------------------------- The seat of the Glenorchy Campbell's (latter known as the Breadalbane Campbell's) was Kilchurn Castle,[21] at the head of Loch Awe. The castle was originally sited on an island near the mouth of the Strath of Orchy (strath = stream), which passed through Glen Orchy, hence the name 'Glenorchy' used by this branch of the Campbell's.[29] After gaining the Earldom of Breadalbane in 1681, the seat of this branch of the family eventually moved to Taymouth Castle, on the eastern side of Loch Tay.[23] The area of central Perthshire and northern Stirling came under the domain of the Breadalbane Campbell's. At it's peak, the estates of the Breadalbane Campbell's covered 437,696 acres, stretching for over 100 miles, from Aberfeldy in the east to the west coast, making the Campbell's of Breadalbane one of the greatest landowning families of that era,[27] and for a time almost as powerful as the Earls and Dukes of Argyll.[29] But towards the end of the 19th century a decline set in through gambling and poor management which has resulted in the loss of all the lands and the destitution of the family.[29] Kilchurn Castle was the last to go, sold in the 1980s after 540 years in the family.[29] Notes ----- Caveat: Any estimated dates given in the chart below for which the only source given in [1] should be taken with some care. Where I have found more reliable sources quoting dates for some of these events, the dates given by [1] have been out by as much as 50 years, although the difference is usually more of the order of 5-10 years. Source [1] is the LDS Medieval Families Unit - which essentially means the 'Ancestral File'. Similar care should be taken of any birth locations where the only source is [1] - in many cases I have found that a birthplace given by [1] is actually an abode of the individual as an adult or even the birthplace of his or her spouse. The assistance of Ian Gammage in the preparation of this chart is gratefully appreciated. Numbers in [..] are source codes (see end of chart). Numbers in {..}'s (eg: 1, 2, ...) indicate the generation for that individual, following the line of the Campbell's of Glenorchy. Comment's in {..} are my own speculations and/or observations. Prior to Sir Duncan of Glenorchy, the dates given for births are upper limits, assuming they fathered the first of their children at an age of 20/25. These dates should be taken as the most recent date at which they could possibly have been born and *not* as an estimate for their year of birth. Archibald Campbell was almost certainly born before 1170, possibly around 1150 or even earlier. These dates are also, at best, educated guesswork. As with any medieval family, information on individuals, especially daughters and younger sons, and their relationships to others in their presumed families is sparse. There may be a considerable amount of information known on particular indivduals, however such information rarely includes the names of their family members. Consequently, as with any geneaogy of this period, there is a degree of guesswork involved. "Was the 7th laird the son of the 6th or his brother or could he have even been the husband of a daughter and/or sister of the previous laird and assumed the name of his wife's family?" is a typical and all too common problem. The situation is even worse for daughters and younger sons. On the issue of marriages, then as now, marital infidelity and divorce was common (for the nobility at least). Since dates for marriages are generally not known, where an individual has married several times it is sometimes not known which spouse belonged to which children. This is further complicated in that the offspring of a leman who was a member of nobility was often legitimatised and sometimes even inherited a minor estate, leading some to have concluded the two were married, when they were not. Unless I have information to the contrary, I have listed the earlier generations as "Campbell's". In at least two cases the individuals in question used a different name and I have used that instead. -------------------------------------- 1. Sir Archibald Campbell,[26], born before 1180 {probably before 1160}. Also called Gillespic, which in Gaelic means 'servant of the Church.[34] Acquired the lordship of Lochow by marriage with Eva,[34,35] daughter and heiress[22,26,34,35] of Paul O'Duin, Lord of Lochow, also known as 'Paul Insporran', the king's treasurer.[34,35] It has been claimed that Paul's ancestors were the possessors of Lochow as far back as 404AD, however there is no firm evidence for this.[34,35] Archibald was the grandfather of Sir Gillespic, below.[26] Some sources have speculated that Archibald was nick-named 'Cam Beul', from the Gaelic meaning 'crooked or twisted mouth',[21,23] and from which subsequently the family named was derived. This however is unlikely sicne Archibald lived before the hereditary use of surnames came into use in Gaelic Scotland.[35] Described as the 4th 'Lord Campbell'.[26] Was possibly the 'Erkenbald', living in the reign of David I,[34] (ruled 1124-1153),[36] in which case his birth was considerably before 1180, more likely Erkenbald was the father or grandfather of Archibald. 'Erkenbald' is the Flemish equivalent of Archibald, which supports the idea of a "Norman" origin for the family - during David I's reign many Normans and Flemings settled in Scotland; King David's wife, Maude, was Flemish.[34,36] The earliest Campbell arms were very similar to that of the d'Enghien's of Flanders and were first known to have been used at Cunningham where the Campbell's marched with Hugh de Morville, who'se wife was Ada d'Enghien.[34] The arms contained a 'gyron', a feature which is limited to the Campbell's and families of Flemish origin.[34] Married: Eva,[34,35] daughter and heiress[22,26,34,35] of Paul O'Duin, Lord of Lochow.[34,35] Children of Archibald Cambell and Eva O'Duin: * i. Duncan MacDuibhne Campbell, likely born between 1170-1200.{2} ii. unknown son. Children: a. Sir Thomas Campbell, of Knapdale, Kintyre, 1293.[30] Ancestor of the MacTavishes of Dunardry.[30] -------------------------------------- 2. Duncan MacDuibhne,[21] born before 1200. Lived during the reign of Alexander II (1214-1249).[21] Was a chief in Loch Awe.[22] A crown charter in 1368 acknowledges Duncan MacDuihbne as having established the Campbell's as Lords of Loch Awe.[28] Married: unknown. Child of Duncan MacDuibhne: * i. Gillespie Campbell, likely born between 1200-1220.{3} -------------------------------------- 3. Gillespie (Archibald[22]) Campbell[33] of Menstrie, Clackmannanshire.[33] {The Menstrie connection is questionable. A grandson aquired Menstrie}. Born before 1220 {given the birth of his heir, was likely born between 1200-1220}. Died about 1280.[33] Sir Gillespic witnessed the charter granted by Alexander III to Newburgh, 12/3/1266.[26,35] Married: unknown. Child of Archibald (mac Duncan): * i. Sir Colin mac Gillespie, probably born between 1230-1245.{4} -------------------------------------- 4. Sir Colin Mor,[18,33] 'Cailean Mór',[28] (aka Colin mac Gillespie[18]), born before 1240,[18] {his heir was born before 1270, probably between 1255-1265, thus Colin was likely born between 1230-1245}. Laird of Loch Awe.[16] Killed 1294/1296[16,18,28] fighting Alexander, Lord of Lorne, at 'Ath-dearg (red ford) of Lorn' (where a cairn marks the site of his grave).[33] Was knighted c.1280.[21,22] Colin supported Robert Bruce in his quest for the Scottish throne,[23] and was one of the nominees selected by Robert Bruce, in 1291, when his title to the crown was investigated.[26] In 1292 was one of the twelve lords of Argyll whose lands were linked to form the Sherrifdom of Argyll.[21] By the time he was killed soon afterwards in a feud, he had become known as Cailean Mor ('Colin the Great'), and subsequent Campbell chiefs have had among their titles 'MacCailean Mor' (or 'MacCailen Mhor' = 'Son of Colin the Great').[21,22] Tradition holds that Sir Colin was so distinguished in his his wartime achievements and the additions he made to the family estates that he obtained the surname of 'More,' or 'Great.'[26] Colin's main castle, Innischonaill, was on an island in Loch Awe (present day Inishail).[21] Married: Possibly married a daughter of Sinclair of Roslin (alias St Clair of Roslin).[33] Children of Colin Mor: * i. Sir Neil Campbell, probably born between 1255-1265.{5} ii. daughter. Married Angus Mor mac Donald, lord of Islay (progenitors of MacDonald, Lord of the Isles).[16] iii. Sir Donald Campbell,[33] laird of Benderloch.[16,18,26] Married Amabila.[16,18] Ancestor of Campbell's of Loudon.[33] Children: a. Sir Duncan Campbell, laird of Red Castle and Loudoun (de jure uxoris).[16,18,26] Married Susanna Craufurd/Crawford, daughter and heiress of Sir Reginald Crawford of Loudoun, Sheriff of Ayr (?-1307).[16,26] Child: Sir Andrew Campbell, laird of Loudoun and Sheriff of Ayr, died after 1368.[16,26] Was probably the Duncan Campbell who was one of the signatories of the 'Declaration of Arbroath' in 1320.[31] iv. Sir Dugald Campbell of Torsa, knight, Laird of Menstrie in Clackmannanshire.[33] Swore fealty to King Edward I in 1296, but later joined Robert Bruce.[33] v. Sir Arthur Campbell, knight.[33] Constable of Dunstaffnage, swore fealty to King Edward I in 1296, but later joined Robert Bruce.[33] vi. Duncan Campbell.[33] Alive in 1296.[33] vii. Gillespie Campbell.[33] -------------------------------------- 5. Sir Neil (or Nigel) Campbell,[16,18,21,22,26,33] born before 1270 {Neil's heir was probably born between 1280-1290, indicating that Neil was born before 1270 at the latest and probably between 1255-1265}. Lord of Loch Awe and progenitor of the Earls of Argyll as well as Breadalbane and Glenorchy branches.[16,18] Was one of the first of the Scottish barons to join Robert Bruce (in 1296), and fought for him in almost every action between Methven and Bannockburn.[26,33] Sir Neil secured Robert's safety after the loss at the battle of Methven, remained with him during his subsequent struggles and was present with Robert was crowned at Bannockburn.[26] Robert gifted Sir Niel with the forfeited estates of David de Strathbogie, the Earl of Athol.[26,33] Sir Neil was one of the commissioners sent to York, in 1314, to negotiate a peace with England, was one of the leading barons in the Parliament held at Ayr in 1315, when the succession to the crown was settled, and obtained from Robert the Bruce, his brother-in-law, a charter, under the Great Seal, of several estates.[26] Married 1st: Before 1303, the daughter of Andrew Crawford, whose wardship he had been granted by King Edward I.[33] Married 2nd: Margaret Cameron, possibly the widow of Hubert de Multon.[33] Married 3rd: Mary (or Marjorie[22]), sister of Robert the Bruce,[21,26] c.1312.[33] Mary remarried in 1316 and was still alive in 1367.[33] This indicates Niel had probably died by 1316. Children of Neil Campbell and unknown Crawford: * i. Colin Campbell, probably born between 1280-1290.{6} Children of Neil Campbell and Margaret Cameron: ii. Duncan Campbell Macdhonnachie of Inverawe.[33] Progenitor of the Campbell's of Inverawe.[33] Children of Neil Campbell and Mary Bruce: iii. John Campbell[26] of Moulin,[33] born before 1300. Created Earl of Athol,[26] c.1320.[33], and succeeded to the extensive possessions of that earldom, in accordance with the grant made by his uncle.[26] Died at the battle of Halidon Hill, 19/7/1333.[26,33] Having no issue, his title reverted to the crown.[26,33] Married Joanna, daughter of Sir John Menteith of Rusky and widow of Malise, Earl of Strathern.[33] iv. Dougal Campbell, alive in 1323.[33] Married unknown. Children: a. John Campbell of Ardkinglas.[33] John's daughter, Mariota (Margaret) married her 2nd cousin Sir Colin Campbell of Lochow (see below).[33] Mariota was born about 1350 {married 1372, see below}. -------------------------------------- 6. Sir Colin Campbell of Lochow, knight.[33] Born before 1290 {was of age by 1315, thus definitely born before 1295. His heir was probably born before 1310, indicating Colin was born before 1290 - likely between 1280-1290}. Died before 2/5/1343.[33] Granted all the lands of Lochow, united with the lands of Ardsheodnish, in free barony 10/2/1315.[33] He accompanied the expedition of King Robert I to Ireland in 1316 to win its throne for the King's brother, Edward Bruce, and in 1334 assisted Robert, 7th High Steward of Scotland, to recover the Castle of Dunoon from the English, following which he was appointed its heritable Keeper.[33] Married: Thought to have married Helena, daughter of Sir John Mor, son of the Earl of Lennox.[33] Children of Colin Campbell and Helena Mor: * i. Archibald Campbell, probably born between 1305-1310.{7} ii. Dugal Campbell.[30,33] Married Margaret, sister and heiress of of John Glasreth of Glassary.[30,33] According to family tradition, Dougall found that his wife was being 'bothered' by the Crowner of Glassary. Catching him red-handed, he killed the man and so had to flee Argyll, settling in Lochaber.[30] iii. John Campbell.[33] iv. daughter Campbell.[33] Children of Colin Campbell and unknown: v. Niall Campbell, illegitimate.[33] Ancestor of the Campbell's of Melfort.[33] -------------------------------------- 7. Archibald (Gillespic) "Celestin" Campbell.[1,33] Born before 1310 {his two sons were born before 1335, likely between 1330-1335, indicating Archibald was born before 1310. Given his date of death, he probably was not born much before this date - likely 1305/1310}. Lord of Lochow.[33] Was granted several forfeited estates 2/5/1343, and received also from Mary, Countess of Menteith, a grant of Kilmun, confirmed by charter of King David II 11/10/1363.[33] Died by 1394.[33] Married 1st: Isabella (or Mary), daughter of of Sir John Lamont.[1,33] Married 2nd: Possibly also married a daughter of Sir John Menteith.[33] Children of Archibald Campbell & Isabella Lamont: * i. Colin "Iongantach" Campbell, born about 1330-1335.{8} ii. Duncan Skeodnasach Campbell,[30,33] born before 1335 {was 'of age' by 1355.[30]} Was a witness at Ardskeodnish in 1355.[30] The family were at some early date granted the castle of Fraoch Eilean on Lochawe.[30] After the 1st Earl of Argyll obtained the Lordship of Lorne, this family was granted lands in Lorne at Lerags, Inverawe and Stronchormaig (later Glenfeochan).[30,33] -------------------------------------- 8. Sir Colin "Iongantach" ('Colin the Wonderful'[17]) Campbell,[24,33] knight.[33] Born before 1335, Lochow, Argyllshire {source [1] gives an estimate of 1345, however Colin's brother was of age by 1355, thus born before 1335. While I have no children for Duncan, the information I have indicates he had descendents. Even if Duncan died before Colin, if he were the eldest, his children would have inherited the title. Since Colin inherited, he was the elder son. Colin was likely born between 1330-1335}. Lord of Loch Awe (or Lochow).[17,33] Died 1413/1414.[1,17,30,33] Married 1st: Margaret, second daughter of Sir John Drummond of Stobhall, Perthshire,[1,33] and sister of Annabella, Queen of Robert III.[33] There was no issue to this marriage.[33] Married 2nd: Mariota (or Margaret[33]) Campbell,[17,24,33] (his 2nd cousin[17,33]), 16/11/1372, Lochow, Argyllshire,[1] (before 1/4/1387[33]). Mariota was the daughter of John Campbell (above).[33] Married 3rd: Possibly also married unknown McAllister (unconfirmed).[1] Children of Colin Campbell & Mariota Campbell: * i. Duncan Campbell.{9} ii. John Campbell of Barbreck.[33] Ancestor of the Campbell's of Inverliver.[33] The Campbells of Succoth claim descent from a cadet of the Campbells of Barbreck.[33] iii. Colin Campbell of Ardkinglas.[17,33] Married 1396,[33] Christina Lamont, daughter of Robert Lamont (mac Laomain) of Inveryne.[17,33] Ancestor of the Campbells of Ardentinny, Auchnawillan, Carrick, Dergachy and Clachan.[33] Children: a. John Campbell of Ardkinglas.[17] b. Agnes Campbell, married Sir Patrick Houstoun.[17] iv. Dugall Mor Campbell[1,33] of Dunstaffnage.[33] Died 1442.[1] Married a daughter of Macdonald of the Isles and was ancestor of the Campbells of Glenamackrie, Scammadale, Torry & Crackaig.[33] v. Donald Campbell, alive 1442.[33] vi. Patrick Campbell.[33] vii. Celestine Campbell.[33] Children of Colin Campbell and unknown: viii. Dugall Campbell, illegitimate.[33] Dean of Argyll, alive in 1442.[33] ix. Duncan Campbell, illegitimate.[33] Ancestor of the Campbell's of Duntroon.[33] -------------------------------------- 9. Sir Duncan "Na Adh" Campbell,[21,33,37] born before 1375, Lochow (Loch Awe[17]), Argyllshire.[1,24] Died 1453[1,24,33] and was buried Kilmun, Argyllshire.[1] Knight, Laird of Lochow and 1st Lord Campbell of Argyll.[33] Succeeded his father between 1412-1414.[33] A hostage for the redemption of King James I from captivity in England in 1424.[24,33] Justiciar of Argyll.[24,33] Was raised to the peerage as a Lord of Parliament[2] in 1445 by King James.[1,17,33] Prior to 1432 Duncan aquired the lands of Glenorchy, previously held by the MacGregors,[21,25,29,37] who had held the land "under God", but without a charter from the King, confirming ownership.[37] Duncan aquired a royal charter for Glenorchy[37] and presumably supplanted the MacGregors by force. In 1432 Duncan gave Glenorchy to his younger son, Colin.[37] Married 1st: Marjory (Marcelline) Stewart,[33] 6/2/1392, Lorn, Argyllshire.[1] Marjory born c.1375, Lorn, Argyllshire, daughter of Robert Stewart,[1] Duke of Albany & Regent of Scotland, and Margaret, Countess of Menteith,[33]; Marjory died before 8/1432.[33] Married 2nd: Margaret Stewart,[1,24,33] before 12/3/1439-1440.[33] Margaret born 7/4/1397, daughter of Sir John Stewart[1] of Blackhall and Ardgowan, illegitimate son of King Robert III;[33] Margaret died 4/3/1460.[1] Children of Duncan Campbell & Marcelline Stewart: i. Archibald (Celestine) Campbell,[24,33] born c.1400, Lochow, Argyllshire.[1] Master of Campbell.[33] Was alive 4/1431.[1] Died 1440 and buried 3/1440,[1,3] Kilmun, Argyllshire.[1] Married Elizabeth, daughter of John Somerville, 3rd Lord Somerville.[33] Children: a. Colin Campbell,[26,28,33] born 1432-1436.[17,33] Died 1493.[17,21] Created lst Earl of Argyll, 1457.[17,21,26] 2nd Lord Campbell.[17,21,33] Succeeded his grandfather 1453 while still in his minority (under 21). Appointed Master of the Royal Household in the 1460s (an office that later became a hereditary one for the Campbells), and Lord Chancellor in 1483.[21] Married Isabel Stewart, co-heiress of Lorn,[21] d.1510.[17] Children: Archibald Campbell (1468-1513), 2nd Earl of Argyll, died at Flodden.[10,19,21,22] * ii. Colin Campbell, born before 1412.{10} Children of Duncan Campbell & Margaret Stewart (some may be children of Marcelline): iii. Duncan Campbell, born Lochow, Argyllshire.[1] Of Auchenbreck & Kilmichael, Argyllshire.[1,33] Ancestor of the Campbell's of Auchinbreck.[33] iv. Neil Campbell, born Lochow, Argyllshire.[1] Laird of Ormidale, Argyllshire.[1,33] Ancestor of the of the Campbell's of Ormidale.[33] v. Archibald (Celestine) Campbell,[33] born c.1440, Otter, Kilfinan, Argyllshire.[1] Married Mariota Stewart.[1] Mariota born c.1442, Lorn, Argyllshire, daughter of John "Mourach" Stewart (c.1400-1463) and Baroness MacDougal (c.1412).[1] -------------------------------------- 10. Sir Colin Campbell,[21,24,26,33,38] born before 1412, Loch Awe, Argyll,[17] {was guardian of his nephew, Colin, born between 1432-1436, and of age by 1432, so presumably born before 1412. Sources [1] & [17] give Colin's birth as "about 1420", which is incompatable with the abovementioned events}. Known as the "Black Colin",[28,37] 'Sir Calein Dubh'.[37] Was a crusader.[28] Died 24/9/1489, Strathfillan, Perthshire, and buried 26/9/1489, Kilmartin, Argyllshire.[1] Was given the lands and lordship of Glenorchy in 1432[29,37] by his father who had taken them from the MacGregors.[21,25,29,37] Aquired Glenlyon from the Stewarts of Garth by force of arms.[37]. Made a pilgrimage to Rome, during which he was known as Colin dubh na Rhoime.[37] Began construction of Kilchurn Castle about 1440 with the central keep.[25,29] A charter in 1449 refers to the `apud castrum de Glenurquhay', so by that date Colin had built some form of castle on the site.[29] The castle lies on the tip of a small peninsula at the north side of Loch Awe,[25] originally an island, but the water level has dropped since then.[29] Kilchurn was occupied by the Campbell's until 1740; it is now a ruin.[25] Lairds of Glenorchy, subsequent to Colin, have added to the castle, most notably in 1693.[25] Laird of Glenorchy.[1,24] 1st Earl of Glenorchy and Baronet of Lawers.[15] Through his second marriage Colin inherited 1/3rd of the estate of Lorn.[26] Was guardian of his nephew, Colin, the future Earl of Argyll,[26,37] and also his future brother in law (his nephew married a sister of Colin's second wife).[26] Ancestor of the Campbells of Glenurchy, Lawers, Glenlyon, Monzie, Barcaldine and Breadalbane.[33] Married 1st: Mariot (Mary or Margaret) Stewart, c.1445.[1,23] Mariot born c.1430, Lennox, Dunbartonshire, daughter of Duncan Stewart.[1] With his marriage to Mariot, Colin aquired lands in west Perthshire.[23] Married 2nd: Jonet Stewart,[15,17] c.1448.[1] Jonet born c.1432, Lorn, Argyllshire, daughter of John "the Leper" Stewart (c.1400-1463)[1,15] and Baroness MacDougal (c.1412).[1] Married 3rd: Margaret Robertson, c.1454.[1] Margaret born c.1433, Strowen, Perthshire, daughter of Robert Robertson.[1] Married 4th: Margaret Stirling,[26] before 27/10/1467, Keir, Dumfries.[1] Margaret born c.1432, Keir, Dumfries, daughter of Luke Stirling.[1] Children of Colin Campbell & Jonet Stewart: * i. Duncan Campbell.{11} ii. Patrick Campbell, born c.1452, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[1] Died after 1502.[1] Children of Colin Campbell & Margaret Robertson: iii. Katherine Campbell, born c.1462, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[1] Married Walter Stewart, c.1480, Argyllshire.[1] Walter born c.1458, Balquidder, Perthshire.[1] iv. Margaret Campbell, born c.1467, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[1] Married 1st John Dickson, c.1483, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[1] John born c.1453.[1] Married 2nd Archibald Napier, c.1511, Argyllshire.[1] Archibald born c.1449, Merchiston, Edinburgh, Midlothian, and died after 13/5/1521.[1] Children of Colin Campbell & Margaret Stirling: v. John Campbell,[26] born c.1468, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[1] 2nd Laird Campbell of Lawers, Perthshire.[38] Died 9/9/1513, Kirknewton, Northumberland, England, in battle.[1] Married 1st Christian Oglivy. Christian born c.1475, Perthshire, and died before 27/7/1554.[1] Married 2nd Margaret Agnes Moncrieff, c.1494, Moncrieff, Perthshire.[1] Margaret was born c.1472, Moncrieff, Perthshire, daughter of John Moncrieff.[1] Children: a. Archibald Campbell of Lawers, Perthshire.[42] Married Agnes Ross.[42] Child: John Campbell of Lawers, born about 1540,[42] 3rd Laird Campbell of Lawers & married Beatrix Campbell, daughter of Sir Colin Campbell (below).[41] vi. Mariot (Margaret) Campbell, born c.1469, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[1] Married William Stewart, c.1485, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[1] William born c.1455, Baldoran.[1] vii. George Campbell, born c.1461, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[1] viii. Helen Campbell, born c.1463, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[1] Married 1st John MacEwin McAlaster McGregor.[1] John born c.1460.[1] Married 2nd ? MacEane. Mr MacEane born c.1459, Ardnamurchan, Argyllshire.[1] {Source [1] has an additional child: "John Campbell, born 1456, Glenorchy, Argyllshire. Died 15/7/1510. Bishop of the Isles." This would mean that Colin had two legitimate sons named John, which I feel is unlikely. Since the other John has been independently verified, "Bishop John" is probably the red herring. No doubt he in reality belongs to a different branch of the Campbell family. Note also below a possible extension of this confusion - in the next generation there is another John, described as "Bishop of the Isles", born c.1509. Whether either or both John's existed or not, I do not know - the source [Ancestral File] is notoriously unreliable.} -------------------------------------- 11. Sir Duncan Campbell,[10,29] born c.1450, Glenorchy, Argyll.[1,3,7,9,15] Died in battle, 9/9/1513, (Flodden) Kirknewton, Northumberland, England. [1,7,9,15,37] Buried Kilmun, Argyllshire.[1] 2nd Laird of Glenorchy.[1,7,37] Aquired a crown charter to secure his rights to Glenlyon, which he gave to his second son.[37] Married: Margaret Douglas,[7,9,10] 14/10/1479, Angus.[1,4] Margaret born c.1460, Douglasdale, Angus,[1,2,7,15] daughter of George Douglas (c.1419-1462) and Isabel Sibbald (c.1425),[1] and died Glenorchy, Perthshire, Scotland.[2] Married 2nd: Margaret Moncrieff, c.1505, Perthshire.[1] Margaret born c.1484, Moncrieff, Perthshire, daughter of Sir John Moncrieff, and died 11/1554.[1] Children of Duncan Campbell & Margaret Douglas: * i. Colin Campbell, born 1481.{12} *** ii. Elizabeth Campbell,[7,9,32] born 8/1481, Glenorchy, Argyll.[2,5] Died Monzievaird, Perthshire.[2] Married David TOSCHOCH,[32] c.1508 {before 7/12/1518[6]}, Argyllshire.[1,6] {For descendents of Elizabeth and David refer to the Toschoch charts.} iii. Archibald Campbell,[7,9,37] born c.1485, Glenorchy, Argyll.[1] Died 29/4/1552 and buried Dunkeld, Perthshire.[1] Known as 'Grey Archibald', the first Laird Campbell of Glenlyon.[37] Received title and estate of Glenyon from his father.[37] Married 1st Mariota Campbell. Mariota born c.1489, Ardtarua, Argyllshire, daughter of Iver Campbell, and died 12/8/1537.[1] Married 2nd Isabel Grant, c.1539, Inverness.[1] Isabel born c.1514, Culcabock, Inverness, daughter of John Grant, Laird of Glenlyon.[1] iv. Patrick Campbell,[7,9] born c.1487, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[1] Died 14/1/1507, Badchelych Isle and buried Killin, Perthshire.[1] Children of Duncan Campbell & Margaret Moncrieff: v. Catharine Campbell, born c.1506, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[1] Died 14/12/1577.[1] Married William Murray, before 1524, Argyll.[1] William born c.1496, Tullibardine, Blackford, Perthshire.[1] vi. John Campbell, born c.1509, Crannich, Weem, Perthshire.[1] Bishop of the Isles.[1] vii. Annabella Campbell, born c.1512, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[1] Married 1st Alexander Napier.[1] Alexander born 1509, Merchiston, Midlothian, and died 10/9/1547, Musselburgh, Midlothian.[1] Married 2nd Robert Fairlie, c.1549, Argylleshire.[1] Robert born c.1509, Braid, Midlothian.[1] -------------------------------------- 12. Sir Colin Campbell, born 6/1/1481, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[1] Died 12/8/1523, Kilchurn Castle, Glenorchy, Argyllshire,[1,7,9,10,15,19,29,37] and and buried Finlarig, Killin, Perthshire.[1] 3rd Earl Campbell of Glenorchy.[1,10,15,37] Married: Marjory Stewart,[15] c.1508, Fife.[1,9,10] Marjory born c.1485, Balvenie, Mortlach, Banffshire,[15] daughter of John Stewart, Earl, and Countess Eleanor Sinclair, died 26/7/1524,[9,10,19] Loch Tay Island, Perthshire,[1,9] and buried Finlarig.[10] Children of Colin Campbell & Marjory Stewart: i. Sir Duncan Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7,9] 4th Laird Campbell of Glenorchy.[37] No issue. Died 1536, Kilchurn Castle.[29] ii. Sir John Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7-9] 5th Laird Campbell of Glenorchy.[37] Married unknown. No male issue. Died before 1583. Children: a. Giles Campbell.[8] Married William Cuninghame, 2nd Laird of Craigends, died 1533.[8] * iii. Colin Campbell, born 1523.{13} -------------------------------------- 13. Sir Colin Campbell,[9,29] born 1523, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] Died 1583.[9,15,37] 6th Laird Campbell of Glenorchy.[11,37] Known as 'Calein the Grey'.[37] In 1550 Colin had built Balloch Castle, which was eventually extended to form Tayside Castle, considered to be today the finest and most important Scottish castle in private hands.[27] Tayside remained in Campbell hands until shortly after WW1 when the Breadalbane Estate was broken up.[27] Married: Katherine Ruthven,[7-9,15] daughter of William Ruthven (?-1552), 2nd Laird Ruthven and Janet Haliburton.[9] Children of Colin Campbell & Katherine Ruthven: i. Beatrix Campbell, born 7/1549,[39] Glenorchy, Argyll.[32,39] Married John Campbell of Lawers, Perthshire,[32] c.1564, Glenorchy, Argyll.[40] Children: a. Marjory Campbell, born c.1565,[41] Lawers, Perthshire.[32] Married Edward TOSCHOCH before 1580.[32] ii. Sir Duncan Campbell, "Black Duncan",[11,14,15,23,32] born 1550, Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7,11,14,15,29] Died 23/6/1631, Balloch. [7,11,14,15,37] 1st Baronet Glenorchy,[7,11,14,15,29] and Glenfalloch.[15] Built Edinample Castle on the western side of Loch Earn in the late 1500's, possibly on the site of an earlier MacGregor building.[23] Another of his castles was Finlarig Castle, Killin built in 1629 (at the western end of Loch Tay, just to the north of Edinample).[23] Legend has it that a pit there was where nobles were executed; commoners were hanged on a nearby oak tree.[23] In 1646 another of Duncan's castles, Loch Dochart Castle (in the same area) was destroyed by the McNab's.[23] In total Duncan had 6 castles built.[27] Was known as 'Sir Duncan of the seven castles'.[29] On 4/4/1600 Edward Toschoch gave a guarantee of 300 marks to Donald Monteth (or Menteith), Baron of Carwhin, not to harm Sir Duncan Campbell of Glenorchy (ie: Edward paid off Donald Monteith so that he would not attack Sir Duncan, his uncle-in-law).[32] Sir Duncan was accused by Monteith of burning Carwhin, subsequently arrested and made to pay a 4000 mark fine.[32] Prior to Edward Toschoch's guarantee, Sir Duncan had paid (25/7/1599) a 3000 mark guarantee to Donald Montieth.[32] Given the three payments, one would be inclined to think that the accusations against Sir Duncan may well have been valid, despite his claim they were "false lies and inventions"![32] Married Jean Stewart of Atholl,[7,15] 18/11/1573,[11,14] daughter of John Stewart, 4th Earl of Atholl, and Margaret Flemming.[11,15] Jean died 9/1593.[7,11,14,15] Children: a. Sir Colin Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire, 2nd Baronet Glenorchy,[7] 8th Laird Glenorchy.[37] Died 1640,[37] without issue.[20] b. Sir Robert Campbell, born c.1580,[14,15,20] Glenorchy, Argyllshire,[7,14] 3rd Baronet Glenorchy, 9th Laird Campbell of Glenorchy.[7,13,14,15,37] Died 18/11/1659.[14,15,37] Married Isobel Elizabeth Mackintosh,[13,15] 16/12/1605.[14,15,20] Isobel born c.1583, Torecastle, Dunauchtane/Dunnackton, daughter of Lachlan Macintosh (?-1606) of Dunnackton and Agnes Mackenzie.[13,14] Children: Isabella Campbell (ancestor of both Prince Charles and Karl Marx),[14] Sir John Campbell (d.1686[37]), 10th Laird of Glenorchy[37] and 1st Earl of Breadalbane (created 1681),[23] William Campbell (1621-1648) of Glenfalloch (younger son).[15,20] c. Duncan Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] d. John Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] e. Archibald Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] f. Alexander Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] g. Duncan Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] h. Margaret Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] i. Jean Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7,12] Married Sir John Campbell of Cawdor,[7,12] son of Sir John Campbell of Cawdor and Marion Keith.[12] j. Ann Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] k. Elizabeth Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] iii. Colin Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] iv. Patrick Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] v. Archibald Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] vi. Margaret Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] vii. Katherine Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] viii. Mary Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] ix. Annas Campbell, born Glenorchy, Argyllshire.[7] References & Sources: -------------------- [1] LDS Medieval Families Unit. Forwarded by Ian Gammage. [2] Research by Royal and Noble. Forwarded by Ian Gammage. [3] IGI Film #1985669. Forwarded by Ian Gammage. [4] "Burke's Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited and Extinct Peerages", from Ian Gammage. [5] IGI Film #455141 (Gives parents). Forwarded by Ian Gammage. [6] IGI Film #1160056. Forwarded by Ian Gammage. [7] Post to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from Ky, , posted 15/9/1998. Source: Scots Peerage. [8] Post to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from Suzanne, , posted 15/9/1998. [9] Post to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from Ky, , posted 22/10/1998, "Douglas of Dalkeith to Douglas of Douglas, parts 1-3". [10] Post to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from Leo van de Pas , posted 24/7/1998, "John Stewart, 1st Earl of Athol". [11] Post to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from Leo van de Pas , posted 16/8/1998, "Medieval History and Genealogy Religious Discussions". [12] Post to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from Ky, , posted 8/10/1998, "Descendancy for 2nd Earl of Huntly". [13] Post to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from Richard Borthwick, , posted 8/2/1999, "Lachlan Macintosh (Macintosh Lairds of Dunnackton)". Source: "The History of Clan Mackintosh and the Clan Chattan", M Mackintosh (1948), 2nd edition by L Mackintosh, 1982. [14] Post to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from Leo van de Pas , posted 19/6/1999, "Karl makes his Marx". Sources: "The Heraldry of The Campbells", G. Harvey Johnston, Inverary, 1977; "Burke's Peerage" (1938 ed); "The Complete Baronetage", George Edward Cokayne, 1983, London; "Karl Marx and his family", Oliver Rost. [15] Post to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from Bronwen Edwards, , posted 20/7/2001, "fifth generation from robert Bruce de scotland". Also ibid, 25/9/2001, "James IV's bastards". [16] Post to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from John Ravilious, , posted 22/2/2001, "Campbell of Loudoun". [17] Post to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from John, , posted 20/7/2001, "fifth generation from robert Bruce de scotland". Sources: Scots Peerage, the pedigree for Campbell, Duke of Argyll; series of articles by David Whyte, FSA in The Scottish Genealogist - the first, in Vol. XV No. 4 (Dec 1968). [18] Post to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from Suzanne Doig, , posted 22/2/2001, "CAMPBELL, Geo, Kt., of Loudon". [19] Post to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from Dave, , posted 4/6/2001, "Esme Stuart, 1st Duke of Lennox". [20] Post to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from John Higgins, , posted 3/2/2001, "royal American presidents". Source: "Burke's Peerage", 1938, p.379: the Complete Baronetage and the Heraldry of the Campbells. [21] "Campbell Clan @ MacBraveHeart", . [22] "Scottish Clans - Clan Campbell", . [23] "Campbell, Breadalbane - Scottish Clans of Perthshire", . [24] "Sir Duncan Campbell, 1st Lord Campbell", . [25] "Kilchurn Castle". Sources: 'Touring guide to Scotland', Scottish Tourist Board; 'Scottish Clan and Tartan Names', Roddy Martine, 1987, Mainstream Pub., pp.65-66, 69-70, 146. From web site: . See also: . [26] "The Great Historic Families of Scotland", pp.231, 247, 257, 259, 261, 264 - The Campbells. [27] "Taymouth Castle", . [28] The Clan Campbell, http://www.tartans.com/clans/Campbell/campbell.html [29] "Kilchurn Castle Tour", . [30] "Clan Campbell Society of North America", . [31] For example: , and . The Declaration of Arbroath was a letteer to the Pope in Avingon, thought to have been written by Bernard de Linton, the Abbot of Arbroath, and seeking the pope's intervention in the war between England and Scotland. It bore the seals of 8 earls and 45 barons. With it's emphasis that the will and wishes of the people are above the king and the important of the rights of freedom, it's parallels with the American Declaration of Independence have been noted by many and it is considered the most important document in Scottish history. [32] "Jehan de Monteth descend-il du comte de Montrose par les Moray of Abercairney". Originally from (site now defunct): . [33] "The Campbell's of Lochow and Argyll to end of 16th Century", The Baronage Press Ltd & Pegasus Associates Ltd. . This appears to be a very well researched and sourced article on the family, unfortunately sources are not specified in the www edition. [34] Ibid, "Campbell's of Argyll: Introduction", . [35] Ibid, "Notes", . [36] New Grollier Multimedia Encylopedia, v.6.03, 1993; article on King David I of Scotland. [37] "Campbell's of Glenorchy", . [38] Extract from "Burkes Peerage", entry for BREADALBANE, E John, Kt., of Lawers. Posted to Rootsweb Gen-Medieval mail-list, from Don McArthur, , posted 20/2/2001, "Campbell of Loudoun". [39] IGI, 1997 Edition (v.4.0), F#: 2034509, 1761049, 455125, 6142810 & 447861. Some entries give Beatrix's parents as Sir Colin Campbell and Catherine Ruthven and others give Sir Colin Campbell and Margaret Stewart. A Sir Colin did marry a Margaret Stewart, but in the 1400's and died 1523. The only Sir Colin of Glenorchy in the mid 1500's was the one who married Catherine Ruthven. The references to Margaret Stewart are thus considered to be in error, even though those are the references which give a more precise date of birth for Beatrix. [40] IGI, 1997 Edition (v.4.0), F#: 1985549 & 6142810. [41] IGI, 1997 Edition (v.4.0), F#: 1985685. [42] IGI, 1997 Edition (v.4.0), F#: 2034809.