Irwin Genealogy

Irwin's of Co Tyrone, Ireland and thence Australia, Canada & New Zealand

Irwin's of Cavey (Ballygawley), Co Tyrone

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Irwins of Cavey townland, Ballygawley, Co Tyrone, Ireland. The spelling Irwin is used throughout in most cases. That is the spelling used by present day descendants. Other spellings known to have occurred in the family include Irvine, Erwin, Ervin & possibly variations of Ewins.

The earliest confirmed member of this family is Thomas, born before 1776, who married Isabella Dunbar. Thomas is presumably the Thomas Irwin listed in the Flax Growers Bounty List, living in the civil parish of Errigal Keerogue, which includes Cavey. From a non-alphabetised list, it would seem that Archibald, James & Thomas Irwin were neighbours. Living in another location was Robert & Robert Jr.[1] Interestingly, listed next to the former Irwin group was Archibald Turner and Daniel M'Crorey.[1] One of Thomas' sons married Elizabeth McCroury - was she a daughter of Daniel? Additionally, an Archibald Turner was a witness at the marriage of a grandson of Thomas, was this witness a grandson? The names in both Irwin groups are common amongst the descendants of Thomas. Assuming the order of names in the unsorted Flax List is not co-incidental, I have assumed that Thomas, James & Archibald are all related. Which, if any, was the father? Specifically, the Flax list mentions three adult male Irwins, each with their own farms, growing some flax, and were each granted spinning wheels. Applying for the spinning wheel grant (it wasn't automatically granted, one had to apply for it) presupposes one was married since spinning was "women's work". So in 1796 there were three Irwin families living in Cavey. Thomas was known to have been having issue in the 1800s, so he is almost certainly not the father. Likewise a James, who subsequently emigrated with his family, leaving Archibald. Note that Thomas named a son Archibald and the name frequently appears amongst his descendants. Further, there is an Archibald who had issue in the 1800s and 1810s, presumably he was Archibald Jr. The two Roberts, probably father and son, may be related since the forename Robert does appear within the Cavey Irwins. There is, however, no trace of either Robert in the 1832 Title list, which covers the entire civil parish (including Ballygawley), suggesting that they had left the region by then. Given the almost complete lack of records prior to the Flax List, all one can say is that they may be related, but just how is a complete mystery.

Archibald & Catherine Irwin's homestead, Cavey
Image © Robert Irwin

The 1832 Tithe Appointment Book lists four Irwins living in Cavey: Robert, James Jr, James Sr and Thomas.[146] {The Tithe Composition Acts of 1823 levied a tax on each land tenant to be used for the support of clergyman associated with the Established Church (Episcopalian) of Ireland} In 1860 a survey map of Cavey, then the estate of H. Moutray, Esquire, gives details of the tenants and holdings. James Irwin the Red, James Irwin the Black and Archibald Irwin are all mentioned. They have land in the most arable part of Cavey. The road from Ballygawley runs between the lands of Archibald and James the Red whilst James the Black's holdings are scattered around Cavey. 13 tenants are listed on the estate.[146] In the 1911 Ireland census there were 8 households listed for Cavey, Co Tyrone, of those 3 were headed by Irwins and a further two headed by families that intermarried with the Irwins (Moore & McLelland).[148] It is possible to trace the passage of the land owned by the various branches of the family from 1832 to 1860 and thence to 1911. This passage of the land has been an important tool in establishing the lineages when other records leave the situation confused, to say the least.

Note that Irish records are fragmentary and there is some uncertainty about some of the exact lineages. The later generations are descended from Thomas Sr, but different researchers have come up with slightly different lineages for some of the families who remained in Ireland in the mid 1800s. The confusion in later generations was made worse because there Irwins in the the Ballygawley area tended to use the same small group of Christian names, intermarry with 2nd cousins (even 1st cousins), 2nd aunts & uncles and such like, resulting in a very cross-linked family tree. In one case an Irwin wife married another Irwin after her first husband died. There is even a suggestion that Catherine, wife of Archibald, was also an Irwin, for whom no trace of her birth has been found (very few BMD records for the parish survive prior to 1860), possibly a daughter of Archibald Sr or Thomas Jr. Consequently, this is not a definitive record of the Ballygawley side of the Irwin family, rather one attempt at charting this part of a rather confusing family tree. The Ballygawley Presbyterian Church records date back only to mid 1842. Records for St Kerrog, Church of Ireland, Ballygawley date back to 1812-1875 (baptisms), 1825-1845 (marriages) & 1817-1875 (burials), however they contain few Irwin entries, the Irwin family almost exclusively preferring the services of the Presbyterian church in Ballygawley. Registers prior to these dates were destroyed in 1912. A daughter of Thomas, Hannah, married Samuel Hopper/Happer and most of that family's BMD's were recorded at St Matthew's Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart. Ballynasaggart is a townland near Cavey (to the south-west), in the Errigal Keerogue parish. Ballygawley's Church of Ireland church is actually located in Ballynasaggart townland (possibly the original town centre), located on what today is Ballynasaggart Road. Prior to 1832 the church was known as St Kerrog's. The building was demolished in 1832 and a new church erected (No.25 Ballynasaggart Rd, Ballynasaggart townland.[168]), dedicated to St Matthew. It is suggestive that many of the burials for Irwins of Cavey that are recorded in the Ballygawley Presbyterian parish register indicate that the burials actually occured at Ballynasaggart, although I have found no evidence for a Presbyterian church there. The Hoppers seemed to have preferred the Presbyterian church at Aughnacloy when not utilising the services of St Matthew's.

The biggest difficulty is telling apart the children of the two contemporary James' who were having children in the 1830s. Every researcher who has attempted to make sense of the family has come up with different ideas. Some have attributed all the children to one James and left the other both childless and unmarried. Some somehow have almost the same set of children for each James, with a couple of differences, others have split the children between the two in various ways. When I see two James', living in the same hamlet, with 5 children in common with the same Christian names and estimated DOBs all within a year or two and offspring or marriages known only for one of each Christian name, that says to me something is wrong and the combined list of children needs to be winnowed drastically. The older James (James The Red), by 10-15 years, had two wives, Ann and Elizabeth. Baptisms are recorded in the 1840s to a James & Jane. It has been suggested by some that Elizabeth was Elizabeth Jane. IMO, not a common combination and besides, middle names were quite rare at the time. I have assigned the children of James and Jane to the younger James, James the Black (Archibald, Sarah & Richard baptised 2/1846). Another Richard, baptised 6/1846 is obviously the son of James the Red & Elizabeth. James, born 1825, is listed as the s/o James & Ann, so his parentage is also clear. The remaining children, however, are less than clear and assigning them to one of the James requires a degree of supposition and speculation. Published genealogies (eg [113]) give both James the Red & James the Black sons named William, both born 1847/1848. Subsequent records provide evidence for only one William (if there was another he either died young or emigrated unmarried). William married Sarah Irwin, d/o Archibald. Given the family scandal when 1st cousins Robert & Elizabeth married in 1862 (they had to flee the country), it seems doubtful that Sarah would have married a 1st cousin a mere 11 years later and leave no trace of a family scandal amongst her descendants. Marrying the son of your cousin, who not only was the same age, but lived next door, might be considered questionable today, but in a quiet rural area where family intermarriages were commonplace, it probably did not even raise an eyebrow. Thus (and tentatively!) I have placed William as a s/o James the Black & not listed a William amongst the children of James the Red. Elizabeth is presumably the d/o James the Red (hence the family scandal when she married the s/o Archibald, brother of James the Red). This implies that the Elizabeth baptised 1828 died young. Family records indicate that Mary, who emigrated to NZ, was the sister of Elizabeth. John, born 1855, seems too recent to have been the child of Elizabeth Moore who was born 1810. A 45yo mother was not unheard of, but generally not a farmers wife who tended to lead a hard life and usually had her last child in her mid to late 30s. Margaret married and lived her life in and around Ballygawley. It is reasonable to assume that traditional Irish naming patterns might apply. Her eldest daughter would be named after either herself or her mother. She was named Jane. Her mother in law was Anne. Margaret did not name a child Elizabeth. All of this points to Margaret being the daughter of James the Black. Thomas & Jeancould realistically fit into either family. Both James' were the sons of Thomas'. I

Tyrone showing location of
Errigal Keerogue parish
Image - Co Tyrone Genealogy

have included Thomas as the s/o James the Red on the grounds that he was older than James the Black and suggesting James the Black had a child in 1838 pushes his fathers birth right up to the edge of his possible DOB range and outside the likely range. Nothing more is known about Jean and since James the Red has an apparent gap between 1829-1836, I have arbitrarily placed her here. James the Black does not have any obvious gaps in the list of his children, so she would have to be tacked on as a 1st or last child, the former position creating the same problem that placing Thomas (1838) in his family would have created. According to the 1911 Ireland census, Richard (1846), Sarah (1844) & Margaret who married McClelland were all siblings,[148] consistent with the above placement and confirming Margaret's parents as James the Black & Jane. Both James' appear to have sons named Archibald in the 1840s. James & Janes son is evidenced by his baptism in 1844. A 2nd Archibald lists his parents as James Irwin & Elizabeth Moore on both his marriage and death certificate (the later does not list James). An exact DOB is not known, but taking all the estimated DOBs from certificates and census records gives an average DOB of 1848.

The Irwins of Cavey leased their land, at least until the 1900s. This should not be confused with the modern concept of leasing. The system in place in 1800s Ireland was of a more Medieval or feudal nature. Wealthy landlords owned virtually all the farmland in Ireland (in the case of Cavey, the Moutray family). The farms themselves were literally family farms, held in fief from the landlord. The lease could be cancelled by either side, leased land could even be sub-leased to a third party. On the death of the leasee, the lease passed to the heir, just as if the farmer owned his land outright. The principal of the feudal system was that the use of the land was granted to the original leasee and then his heirs for as long as they were able or willing to farm the land. Should the family have enough of farming the land, they simply had to walk out, literally with just the shirts on their back (the landlord generally owned not just the land, but the buildings and often even the furniture).The farmer, of course, paid a tithe to the landlord. Throughout the 1800s and into the 1900s there appears to have been 2-3 Irwin familes living in Cavey. It seems reasonable to assume this pattern extended back into at least the late 1700s. The 1796 Flax List lists 3 Irwin families living in Cavey. Specifically, three adult male Irwins had their own farms, growing some flax, and were each granted spinning wheels. Applying for the spinning wheel grant presupposes one was married since spinning was "women's work". So in 1796 there were three Irwin families living in Cavey.

Townlands of Errigal Keerogue parish
Image - Co Tyrone Genealogy

Cavey townland Map
1a & 1b is the farm of Archibald Irwin (family house is shown in
red); 2a is the farm of James (Red) Irwin; 4a, 4b & 4c is the
farm of James Irwin (Black). Drawn from Griffiths Valuation
Map, Townland of Cavey D2023/K/6B by Eve Wilton, c.1982

1. Archibald Irwin Sr.[1] probably born between 1730-1750. {Presumably no more than 70yo in 1796, so born 1725 or later. DOB for eldest child 1765-1775, so born no more recent than 1750. Youngest child born 1776-1780, assuming no more than 45yo, earliest possible DOB would be 1730. Thus Born between 1730-1750} Died between 1796-1832. Listed in the 1796 "Spinning Wheel Premium Entitlement List" (aka "Flax Growers Bounty List"), living near Thomas & James Irwin, received two spinning wheels (which means had 1/2 acre of flax planted).[1] Married unknown. Resided 1796, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone.[1]

Children of Archibald Irwin & unknown:

Thomas Irwin, born before 1776,[1,4,5,9,10] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone.

ii.

James Irwin, born before 1776,[1] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone. Listed in the 1796 "Spinning Wheel Premium Entitlement List" (aka "Flax Growers Bounty List"), living near Archibald & Thomas Irwin, received two spinning wheels (which means had 1/2 acre of flax planted).[1] In 1832 James Sr of Cavey townland, was listed in the Tithe Applotment for the parish of Errigal Keerogue, indicating he was a tenant.[146] He had one block of land of 7 acres, 2 rood & 39 perches, with a payable tithe of 12s & 3.[146] {The Sr may refer to a son or a nephew}

iii.

Archibald Irwin Jr,[152] born between 1776-1780.{Oldest presumed child born c.1800 and not not listed in 1796 flax list, likely a minor and did not have a farm} Died between 6/1817-2/1818. Married Jane.[2] {[2] states Archibald & Jane had a son, Archibald, baptised 1816. At the risk of overly complicating the chart, the most likely scenario is that [2] misread the parish register, the birth presumably refers to the baptism of Jane, below}

Children: (a)

Archibald Irwin,[152] possibly born about 1800. Married unknown.

Children: (1)

Martha Irwin, baptised 22/3/1824, St Kerrog, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone.[152]

(b)

Jane Irwin, baptised 13/11/1816, St Kerrog, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone.[152]

(c)

Sally (Sarah) Irwin, baptised 15/2/1818, St Kerrog, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone.[152]

Cavey Townland, today
Image © Kenneth Allen [Geograph]

Cavey Road heading SW (Findrum townland)
Image © Kenneth Allen [Geograph]

Abandoned farmhouse, neighbouring townland of Glencull

Farmhouse, neighbouring townland of Glencull
Image © Kenneth Allen [Geograph]

Cavey is a townland in the civil (as distinct from ecclesiastical) parish of Errigal Keerogue, Co Tyrone, Ireland. The parish is centred economically & politically on the town of Ballygawley, which lies in the far east of the parish. Cavey itself is about 2-3km north-west of Ballygawley. Irish townlands should not be confused with towns. In Irish nomenclature, a 'town' is the familiar geopolitical entity. Townland is the smallest geographical division of land used in Ireland. They vary in size from as small as two thirds of an acre up to 7,000 acres. Townlands were first named and their boundaries defined under the English legal system during the process of plantation. The English term townland is derived from the Old English word 'tun', meaning a homestead, or settlement. The Gaelic term was 'baile fearainn', which translates as 'town land/territory/quarter'. For the most part, the townlands predate the English occupation of Ireland when land was measured in terms of its economic potential rather than in its actual size (hence the wide range of townland sizes) - the more productive the land, the smaller the townland.[Wikipedia]

1.1. Thomas Irwin,[9,113] blacksmith,[4,5,10] probably born between 1765-1775. {Assuming 21yo at flax list as youngest possible age & oldest being 45yo when last child born, 1811} Died before 1832 (his son, Thomas, was listed in 1832 Tithe list without a Jr, implying there was no other adult Thomas Irwin in the area).[146] Listed in the 1796 "Spinning Wheel Premium Entitlement List" (aka "Flax Growers Bounty List"), living near Archibald & James Irwin, received two spinning wheels (which means had 1/2 acre of flax planted).[1] Blacksmith.[4] Married Isabella Dunbar.[4,5,9,10,113] Thomas and Isabella lived at Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Ireland, for most, if not all, of their lives.[4,10] {The dob of John is supported by his marriage & death certificates. I have no real evidence to support the dobs of the other children. They are given as quoted by the relevant sources. It is possible (in fact likely) that some of the following children belong instead to Thomas' brother, James, however it is impossible to tell which, if any, belong to James and rather than arbitrarily dividing the children between the two brothers, I have placed them together. The death certificate of John names his parents, so he belongs in this family. Robert, Hannah & Jane all named daughters Isabella, suggesting they also belong here, naming a child after the wifes mother}

Children of Thomas Irwin & Isabella Dunbar:

Margaret Irwin, born mid to late 1790s, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[155] Died 1820/1821.[155] Married Samuel Happer, 12/12/1820, Aughnacloy Presbyterian Church, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[155] Witnesses John Marshall & Sandy Moutray of Ballinasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone.[155] Samuel of Millix townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, & Margaret of Cavey township, Errigal Keerogue parish.[155] Samuel married 2nd Hannah Irwin, below, 1821.[155] {Born Cavey, Margaret was presumably daughter of either Thomas or James. At least 2 of Thomas' grandchildren were named Margaret. There was no Hopper/Happer in Millix in 1860.[161]}

ii.

Robert Irwin, born before 1800, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[2] Married Jane Montgomery.[2] {Ewins is phonetically similar to Irwin and it is reasonable to assume Thomas named a son after his father. Note also the oldest listed child for Robert & Jane was Isabella, presumably named after Isabella Dunbar} In 1829 Robert Irvine of Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone was listed amongst those who had served notice of their intention to register a freehold {ie: land that they would own, as distinct from leasing}.[159] {No other Irwins are listed from Cavey and there is no indication whether Robert was successful in his attempt. However, by 1860 there is no trace of Robert or his children in Errigal Keerogue parish, so if he was successful he sold the land and left the parish by 1860} In 1832 Robert of Cavey townland, was listed in the Tithe Applotment for the parish of Errigal Keerogue, indicating he was a tenant.[146] He had three blocks of land, of 9 acres & 15 perches, 11 acres & 34 perches and the third of 1 acre, for a total of 21 acres, 1 rood & 9 perches, with a payable tithe of £1, 6s & 9.5d.[146]

Children: (a)		Isabella Ewins, baptised 1820, St Kerrog Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[2]
(b)		William Ewing, baptised 1825, St Kerrog Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[2]
(c)		Alexander Ewens, baptised 1828, St Kerrog Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[2]

iii.

Thomas Irwin,[3,9] born before 1800, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,11,113]

iv.

Hannah 'Annie' Irwin,[157,163] born c.1799, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[154,155,162] Died 19/8/1872, Brannym Carnteel parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland,[154,162] & buried St Matthew, Ballinasaggart (Ballynasaggart) townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Married Samuel Hopper,[2,154,157,163] 13/5/1821, Aughnacloy Presbyterian Church, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[155,162] Samuel of Crew townland, Errigal Keerogue parish & Hannah of Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish.[155] Witnesses were William Happer of Crew & James McFarland.[155] Samuel baptised 1/2/1793, Co Tyrone, Ireland, died 16/11/1862 (85yo), Crewe townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland,[154,162] & buried St Matthew, Ballinasaggart (Ballynasaggart) townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] S/o Dennys Happer of Tullyvannon townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[157] Samuel married 1st Margaret Irwin, above, 1820. Samuel a farmer, 1834,1840.[156] Resided 1834,1840, Crew townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[156] In 1875 Thomas Happer of Armalughey, possibly a son, was a co-executor with Archibald Irwin (brother of Hannah) of the will of John M'Connell of Ballygawley, Co Tyrone.[158] The Hopper family lived at Branny townland, Aughnacloy and the Hopper property was 238 acres 3 roods & 10 perches, occuping most of the townland. After the deaths of Samuel & Annie's daughters, Catherine and Margaret, the property was sold.[162] A barn on the property has a lintel with "Happa 1620", suggesting the family dates back to the original Scots-English plantation in the early 1600s.[162] In 1860 was a tenant of Anketell Moutray, Crew townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone.[161] Samuel's land consisted of a house, out-buildings and land covering 29 acres & 1 rood & 25 perches (119,000 square metres), with an annual valuation of £24 for the land and £2 10s for the residence.[161]

Children: (a)

Jane Happer, baptised 18/12/1820, St Matthew, Ballinasaggart/Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Died 27/9/1900 & buried St Matthew, Ballinasaggart/Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (74yo).[162] Did not marry.[162] {[2] gives baptism as 1829, St Kerrog, Church of Ireland, Ballygawley. This could be an incorrect transcription for the baptism of Catherine (missing in [162]) else the Jane baptised 1820 died young and a 2nd Jane was baptised 1829 and was the one who died 1900}

(b)

Sarah Hopper, born c.1822, Crew townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Married John Caddoo, 22/11/1850, St Matthew, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] John born c.1820, Aghaloo parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Had issue.[162]

(c)

Frances Happer, born 1823, Crew townland, Errigal Keerogue parish & baptised 26/12/1823, Aughnacloy Presbyterian Church, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162]

(d)

Samuel Happer, born 1825, Crew townland, Errigal Keerogue parish & baptised 15/10/1825, Aughnacloy Presbyterian Church, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[155,162]

(e)

Margaret Hopper, born after 1825, Crew townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Died 1915, Ballygawley, Co Tyrone, Ireland & buried St Matthew, Ballinasaggart/Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Did not marry.[162]

(f)

Elizabeth Hopper, born c.1827, Crew townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Married John Givens, 24/3/1856, St Matthew, Ballinasaggart/Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162]

(g)

Catherine/Kathryn Hopper, born c.1829, Crew townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Died 10/3/1912, Branny townland, Carnteel parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland & buried St Matthew, Ballinasaggart/Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (82yo).[162] Did not marry.[162]

(h)

Thomas Hopper, born c.1830, Branny townland, Carnteel parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Died 14/9/1900, Branny townland, Carnteel parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland & buried St Matthew, Ballinasaggart/Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (70yo).[162] Did not marry.[162]

(i)

Isabella Happer, born c.1834, Crew townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland & baptised 4/5/1834, St Matthew, Ballinasaggart/Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162]

(j)

William Hopper, born c.1836, Branny townland, Carnteel parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Died 25/4/1895, Ballygawley, Co Tyrone, Ireland & buried St Matthew, Ballinasaggart/Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (59yo).[162] Did not marry.[162]

(k)

Robert Hopper, born 1837, Crewe townland, Errigal Keerogue Parish, Co Tyrone & baptised 17/9/1837.[162] Possibly emigrated to Ontario, Canada.[162]

(l)

Mary Happer, born 1840, Crewe townland, Errigal Keerogue Parish, Co Tyrone &, baptised 26/1/1840, Aughnacloy Presbyterian Church, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[156,162] Died 1915, Rockdale, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163] Married James Edwards, 7/1/1862, St Matthew, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] James, s/o Henry & Jane,[162,163] born 1832, Crieve Lough, Minterburn, Co Tyrone, & died 1925, Rockdale, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163] {[162] lists an additional 5 children born in Australia, probably in Sydney, Australia given the place of death of James & Mary. NSW BMDs list 5 children born to James & Mary Ann Edwards in the correct time period. There were other James & Mary Edwards in country NSW, but they continue having children into the 1890s & beyond. The Edwards surname is very common in NSW, Australia and it has not been possible to trace all of the children after the family emigrated} James & Mary emigrated to Sydney, Australia, on the "Peterborough", arriving Sydney 1879 with 6 children and an un-named baby (baptised after arrival).[164]

Children: (1)		Henry W. Edwards,[164] born c.1864, Crewe townland, Errigal Keerogue Parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] {[162] does not give forename} Died 1901, Muswellbrook, NSW, Australia.[163] Emigrated to Sydney, Australia with parents, on the "Peterborough", arriving Sydney 1879 (19yo).[164] {There were 27 marriages of a Henry Edwards between 1885-1900, it is impossible to tell which, if any, was this Henry}
(2)		Annie Edwards, born 1864, Crewe townland, Errigal Keerogue Parish, Co Tyrone, & baptised 2/11/1864, Ballymagran, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Died 1944, Rockdale, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163] Emigrated to Sydney, Australia with parents, on the "Peterborough", arriving Sydney 1879 (14yo).[164] Did not marry.[163]
(3)		Samuel Hopper Edwards, born 24/1/1867, Branny townland, Carnteel Parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Died 20/2/1938, Co Tyrone, Ireland & buried St Matthew, Ballinasaggart, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Samuel was a sickly child and was raised by his unmarried aunts & uncles, Thomas, William, Kathryn & Margaret, who all lived on the old Hopper farm at Branny townland, which Samuel inherited from them after they died.[162] He later sold it and moved to Crewe where he worked as a linen weaver.[162] When Samuel's parents emigrated to Australia, he chose to stay behind with his foster parents.[162] Married Mary Houston, c.1922, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Mary died 16/2/1955, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162]
(4)		John Edwards, born 3/7/1869, Crewe townland, Errigal Keerogue Parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Died 1948, Marrickville, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163] Emigrated to Sydney, Australia with parents, on the "Peterborough", arriving Sydney 1879 (9yo).[164] Possibly married Mary J. Fernley, 1906, Marrickville, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163]
(5)		Thomas Edwards, born 14/7/1871, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Died 1895, Waterloo, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163] Emigrated to Sydney, Australia with parents, on the "Peterborough", arriving Sydney 1879 (7yo).[164] Did not marry.[163]
(6)		Andrew Edwards, born c.1874, Crewe townland, Errigal Keerogue Parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Died infancy, did not emigrate with family, 1879.[164]
(7)		James Edwards, born 18/5/1874, Crewe townland, Errigal Keerogue Parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Died 1955, Rockdale, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163] Emigrated to Sydney, Australia with parents, on the "Peterborough", arriving Sydney 1879 (4yo).[164] {There are a number of marriages in the area where the family settled in the right time period, it is impossible to tell which, if any, were James' without ordering his death certificate}
(8)		child Edwards, born c.1876, Crewe townland, Errigal Keerogue Parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Died infancy, did not emigrate with family, 1879.[164]
(9)		Jane Mary Edwards, born 6/2/1877, Crewe townland, Errigal Keerogue Parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[162] Died 1963, Burwood, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163] Emigrated to Sydney, Australia with parents, on the "Peterborough", arriving Sydney 1879 (2yo).[164] Married James R. McConnell,[162] 1906, Waterloo, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163]
(10)		Margaret Sydney Edwards, born 1879, at sea on voyage to Australia.[163] Died 1957, Hurstville, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163] Emigrated to Sydney, Australia with parents, on the "Peterborough", arriving Sydney 1879 (inf).[164] Married Clement Schofield, 1915, Rockdale, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163]
(11)		Emily Priscilla Edwards, born 1880, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163] Died 1954, Hurstville, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163] Married George W. Spence, 1905, Hurstville, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163]
(12)		George C. Edwards, born 1880, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163] Died 1880, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163]
(13)		Florence May Edwards, born 1882, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163] Married Arthur E. Edwards, 1903, Hurstville, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163]
(14)		Gertrude S. Edwards, born 1885, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163] Died 1956, Rockdale, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163] Married William I. Donald, 1909, Waterloo, Sydney, NSW, Australia.[163]

John Irwin,[3,9] born 1802/1803, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[4,10,113] (Charted in Australian Branch Chart)

vi.

Elizabeth Irwin,[3] born 1803, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[9,11]

vii.

James Irwin,[3,9] baptised 15/8/1805, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,11,113]

viii.

Jane Irwin,[2] probably born between 1800-1810. Married John Bingham.[2] John not listed in the 1860 Griffith's Valuations, so either did not lease or own land in 1860, had died or had left Co Tyrone. A Thomas Bingham is listed in Carran & Feddan townlands, Co Tyrone,[161] however it is not possible to tell if this was Thomas, s/o Jane & John.

Children: (a)		Thomas Bingham, baptised 1829, St Kerrog, Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[2]
(b)		Isabella Bingham, baptised 1831, St Kerrog, Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[2]

ix.

George Irwin,[3,9] born 1809, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[11]

Archibald Irwin,[3,9] born 1811, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[11,113]

Aughnacloy Presbyterian Church
Image © Kenneth Allen [Geograph]

Drawing of St Kerrog, Ballynasaggart
Image - "Ultserheart", Rev C. Brett Ingram.[2]

St Matthews, Ballinasaggart Church of Ireland
Image © Ann Allen

St Matthew's Church of Ireland, Church, Cnr Ballynasaggart & Fedded Rds, Ballynasaggart, Co Tyrone. Built in 1831 by William Warren. A Gothic style church consisting of nave with 3 pointed arch windows and mouldings, slim projecting chancel and small side vestry. Fronted by central square, 3 stage bell tower with pointed arch side door. Upper octagonal corner buttresses topped by octagonal pointed pinnacles. Built of Buff-pink Dungannon sandstone & limestone using the coursed rubble method. The sandstone is in good condition with occasional pitting and with some iron staining, there is some flaking and scaling of the limestone dressing.[373] Prior to 1831, the Ballygawley Church of Ireland parish church was located in Ballynasaggart townland. The original CoI church was dedicated to St Kerrog. In 1831 a new church, dedicated to St Matthew, was erected nearby (No.25 Ballynasaggart Rd, Ballynasaggart townland[168]) and in 1832 the original St Kerrog's was demolished. In addition to the new Ballynasaggart church, an additional church was erected in Ballygawley proper in the same year. There has been (and is) a great deal of confusion about the Ballygawley churches. St Matthews has often been confused with the CoI church in Ballygawley, both in online material about Ballygawley and also by Irwin researchers. I do not know what the dedication of the Ballygawley church is (if there is one), the parish website itself does not indicate any dedication for the Ballygawley church! An online database of heritage stone buildings in Northern Ireland lists both St Matthews, Ballynasaggart, and the parish church in Ballygawley, both built in 1831. Both have different descriptions, both have a different appearance in photographs (refer later to a photograph of the Ballygawley church) and both are sited differently (one is in farmland, alone on a hill, the other is on flat ground & surrounded by cottages). {Descriptions & photographs of the other Errigal Keerogue churches can be found later in this chart}

Crew Road, Crew townland
Image © Kenneth Allen [Geograph]

Ballynasaggart Road, Crew townland
Image © Kenneth Allen [Geograph]

Ballynasaggart townland
Image © Kenneth Allen [Geograph]

In the 1810s Shaw Mason was commissioned to produce a Parochial Survey of Ireland. The survey was only a sampling of parishes - in the Diocese of Armagh with 130 parishes, only 6 were surveyed. One of which was Errigle Kerog (today known as Errigal Keerogue). Mason surveyed Kerog in 1817 & he devoted 45 pages to the parish, covering geology, buildings, population & food, the poor, education & employment, religion, agriculture, industry & several other categories. The survey contains errors but it is nonetheless it provides a valuable picture of the parish in the 1810s. There is little level land in the parish. The gently undulating hills in the south are universally good land, especially to the west of Ballygawley. Raths are common across the parish. In the west of the parish in the townland of Errigall-Keroge lie the ruins of a church dating to 1383 & known as "Arthur's Church". The ruins stand on a hill are (in 1817) were in a very decayed state, with no evidence of ancient inscriptions. In Ballinsagart (or Priestown) it was claimed that the foundations of a Round Tower were known to have existed as recently as 10 years ago (ie 1807), however around 1810 the then rector removed what traces remained. The first ecclesiastical building in Ballinsagart was erected in 1489 & a Round Tower by that date would have been a historical anachronism. Mason suggests the remains may have instead been of a ruined Franciscan apse (there was a friary on the site). Mason's description of St Kerog's is valuable since no other description is known to have survived. The church was built in 1622 from the friary 'ruins', it was a long building lacking a spire or steeple. The bell hung from the western gable. There was a large hall or vestibule and there was a fireplace on the porch, but no heating inside the church itself. In 1817 the church was described as "comfortable and well kept". A parish Account Book from 1814 indicates the church was then thatched. In 1817 there were 27 people on parish relief & four 'gentlemens" residences in the parish. The Right Honourable Sir John Stewart had a residence at Greenhill (originally Tullyglush or Tullygliss). George Spier had a cottage-style estate in Cleanally. Richard Armstrong lived in the remains of Ballygawley Castle (located between the police station & the Enyrwater weir). The 4th was the parish Glebe House at Richmount, described as bleak since a previous rector had sold off all the trees on the property. The survey notes a "great number of excellent farmhouses suggesting ease & comfort". There were 5 corn mills in the parish at Ballygawley, Lisnawerry, Foremass, Cleanally & Garvaghey, with a tuck-mill at Culnaha for 'finishing woolen cloths manufactured at the farmers houses.' There was a market every Friday and 6 Fairs a year. From 1812 there was also a Linen Market held every two weeks. There were two roads of note in the parish, the Derry mail-coach line road, which passed at some distance from the town {was this Ballygawley or Ballinsagart?}. The 2nd was the 'new line of road which stretched two miles towards Augher'. {The former is presumably Dungannon Rd which passes to the south of Ballygawley before heading north-west to Derry as Omagh Road (and incidentally passing thru' Cavey townland). The later road is today Annaghilla Rd, which is the continuation of Dungannon Rd, heading to Augher and thence onto Enniskillen}. There were 5 bridges in the parish, one at Blackwater and another in Ballygawley both having a span of 36 feet. There were also several multi-arched bridges in the parish. There was only one village in the parish, Ballygawley. In 1817 there was no church in the village, although there was a partially built Presbyterian church (the walls had been built but it was as yet unroofed & had been for some time). The village had 4 public buildings: a hotel, a medical dispensary, a brewery (recently established) & a glove factory. The hotel was a 'good inn kept very neatly' & was later known as the Stewart Arms Hotel. Ballygawley had 140 homes, 20 of them two-storeyed, 59 one-storeyed and 61 cabins (Mason doesn't explain the difference between the later two, possibly stone vs wood?). There were also 9 empty cabins and several empty houses, making a village of 151 houses. The overall impression in the survey was that Ballygawley had 'too many whiskey shops & lesser houses of entertainment'. The survey notes from the 1813 census that the parish had 1259 families, 937 of which were involved in agriculture & 249 in trade. The total population in 1813 was 6736 (3304 males & 3432 females), with an average of 5 people per home. The survey noted that the dress of the inhabitants was 'respectable and above what would be called decent' and in particular the young women 'seem rather satisfied with good clothes than desirous of fine ones.' The report commented on one folk custom for the parish - the Midsummer Bonfires on 23rd June. This apparently involved some sort of fire walking as a test of manhood. This custom persisted as late as the 1850s. It was noted that the parish children showed curiosity, but their parents for the most part could not afford to have them properly educated. There were several one-teacher 'schools', charging between 3-6 shillings for 3 months basic tuition. In 1817 the parish had 705 farms of less than 20 acres, 34 medium sized farms (30-40 acres) and 7 large farms (over 40 acres), with land leased at an average of 38 shillings per acre (less for mountain land). Farm labourers were paid 12 pence per day (9p in winter), a farm servant was paid 4 guineas per year, women were paid 2 guineas per year. These were 1/2 the pre-1815 rate, thanks to a depression on the farming market, following the end of the British-French war and the resulting collapse in the price of farm produce. The principal crops in the parish were oats, potatoes and flax. The linen industry occupied almost every family in the parish. There were no bleach or Linen Mills in the parish, but almost every home had at least one loom. As a result the Linen market sold 9,360 yards of 52 inch linen {I assume this was in the year of the survey or the previous year}. The Mason report ends with the following note on the parish that neatness & good management are apparent in the countryside, but the people are cautious of novelty. The report also rather patronisingly noted that 'If the poorer farmer who leans idly against the door post would clean out the pigs, his wife would have more leisure for the wheel'. The report also noted that the tithes were justified, contrary to the views of the local farmers, as previously noted! Account books for St Kerog's survive from 1816 until 1832 when the church was demolished. In addition to the rector, the parish paid for the services of the Churchwarden, who managed the parish & was responsible for all expenditure, as well as the Apploter (11s 4d/year salary) & the Collector (£2 10s/year salary), who were responsible for the collection of taxes & tithes. St Kerog's usually had at least a staff or at least 8 people. The Sexton, Schoolmasters (there were 3 or 4) & the Singer (there was no organ) were each paid £5/year. From the tithes the church maintained 4 buildings - the church itself, the Sexton-house, the school & the Stables. In 1817 £25/year from the tithes was paid for the maintenance of the Presbyterian Meeting House and £10/year to the maintenance of the chapel {one assumes the Catholic chapel?}. In that year the rector was claiming £400 per year from the townlands of Gort & Churchlands (also known as Richmond or Richmount), plus an additional stipend over over £1000 from Pomeroy. From this he paid a curate £40 a year to live in & administer St Kerog's. Another responsibility of the parish was to look after foundlings - unwanted babies, generally illegitimate, who were dumped and rescued and handed over to the church which then paid women in the parish to raise the babies. Others were sent to orphanages, again at the expense of the parish. In the last 18 years of St Kerog's the care of foundlings was the single biggest demand on the church budget - the parish was caring for over 70 foundlings during that time. Rewards were also paid for the unmasking of the mother of the abandoned babies. St Kerog's was last used for worship in August 1832. The old church (built 1622) was demolished and the materials disposed of at public auction. Some of the stones from church were 'saved' and used to build the wall around the back of the graveyard. Little today survives of the original church - the font, chalice, parish registers (1814-1832), the Union Chair, two pew doors, wall stones and the church bell. The pew doors were used to make a clothing press in the 1880s, which in the 1970s was in the possession of the then rector of St Matthew's.[2]

1.1.2. James Irwin,[2,6,22,26,30,32] (s/o Thomas, s/o Archibald) farmer,[6] born 1805, Cavey townland (spelt Keavy in some records), Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland,[11,20,31] & baptised 15/8/1805.[31,113] Killeeshil parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[31] {No location given for baptism by [31,113], but [31] has the note "Killisher (sic) Parish church records", possibly meaning the baptism was at Killeeshil, which borders Errigal Keerogue to the north-east} Died 1866, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone.[11,146] {Was alive 1865 & deceased by 1/1867.[146]} Known as James 'the Red' Irwin.[3,113,146] Farmer.[31] Married 1st Ann McCroury.[2,31] Ann died before 1828.[2] Married 2nd Elizabeth[22,26,146] Moore.[2,11,24,92] Possibly the Mrs J. Irwin born 1810, died 13/8/1885, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone & buried Ballynasaggart Townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (75yo).[150] {[11,31] states this was Elizabeth, however the death may instead be that of the wife of James the Black. A search for a death of Elizabeth Jane Irwin, d.1883, in the Irish BMDs by PRONI failed to find a death, does this mean the death was Jane's?} Upon James' death, the lease on his land passed to his wife Elizabeth by 1867.[3,146] After Elizabeth's death the land passed onto George Irwin.[146] {Presumed son} In 1832 James Jr. of Cavey townland, was listed in the Tithe Applotment for the parish of Errigal Keerogue, indicating he was a tenant.[146] He had one block of land of 4 acres, 2 rood & 22 perches, with a payable tithe of 7s & 3.5d.[146] In 1860 was a tenant of Anketell Moutray, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone.[146] James listed as James Irwin the Red, he was leasing a house, land & out-buildings: one block of land, 9 acres 2 rood 36 perches (36,422 square metres), valued at £8 5s, containing a residence valued at 15s, a total annual valuation of £9.[146] James sub-leased a smaller block of land (house & garden) to Martha Irwin, 30 perches (759 square metres), valued at 2s, containing a residence valued at 8s, for a total annual valuation of 10s.[146] {The identity of Martha is unknown. Not James' mother (or grandmother), possibly an unmarried (unknown) sister or sister-in-law} In 1861, James' lease had increased to 14 acres 3 rood 21 perches (60,222 square metres), the land valued at £12 5s and the residence valued at 15s, for a total valuation of £13.[146] In 1863 the property James was leasing to Martha Irwin was listed as 'vacant', no valuation given.[146] {Martha had presumably died 1862/1863} In 1861 James was leasing a house (presumably a cottage) to Thomas Gillespie, valued at 5s (no details or valuation given for land).[146] In 1865 James cancelled the lease on the property he was sub-leasing to Martha Irwin.[146] In 1/1867 James' lease on the house & land where he was living was transferred to his widow, Elizabeth.[146] Elizabeth retained both properties, unchanged, in 1870, leased now from Rev John James Moutray, with Thomas Gillespie continuing as her tenant.[146] {In a curious co-incidence, in the 1970s Eve Wilton, an Irwin researcher, corresponded with Dr George Gillespie of Ballygawley (died 1987), who was presumably a descendant of Thomas, the tenant of James in 1860. The Gillespies can be traced back in Ballygawley/Errigal Keerogue to at least the early 1800s. Whilst not a common nor obviously Anglo-Irish surname, the 1796 Flax List contains 21 Gillespies, all of them in Ulster & the highest proportion in Tyrone. None appear in Errigal Keerogue, however they are found in the neighbouring parishes of Clogher & Clonfeacle} In 1878 Elizabeth continued to lease both properties, however, the property previously sub-leased to Thomas Gillespie was then sub-leased to "lodgers".[146] In 1886 the lease for both properties had passed to George Irwin, the cottage continuing to be sub-leased to "lodgers".[146] In 1860 was a tenant landholder at Tullylinton townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone.[33] {The townland of Tullylinton borders Cavey townland to the south-west and James' holdings in Tullylinton were contiguous with those in Cavey townland} Resided 1860, 1861, 1863, 1865, 1867, 1870, 1878, 1885, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[146] {There has been considerable debate within the family as to which children belonged to Ann and which to Elizabeth. Given the baptism of Elizabeth, 1828, it is clear that all but the eldest, James, are children of Elizabeth, unless there was an additional, unknown child, born around 1826-1827}

Children of James Irwin & Ann McCroury:

James Irwin,[3,32] baptised 7/6/1825,[2,31] St Kerrog,[2] Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[11,20,21,30,31]

Children of James Irwin & Elizabeth Moore:

	i.	Elizabeth Ewings, baptised 1828, St Kerrog, Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[2] {Parents listed as James Ewings & Elizabeth Moore.[2]} Probably died young (another sister named Elizabeth was born 1842).
	ii.	George Irwin,[3] born c.1831, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[148] {George is presumably the s/o James the Red & Elizabeth. He inherited James' leases upon the death of his widow & in 1911 a grandson of James was living with George} Presbyterian, farmer, literate & single, 1901.[388] In the 1911 census (2/4/1911) was listed as a farmer, presbyterian, single & able to read but not write (80yo).[148] Aquired the leases on two properties in 1885/1886 that were formerly leased by Elizabeth Irwin (d.1885), widow of James 'the Red' Irwin.[3,146] The main property consisted of house, land & out-buildings: one block of land 14 acres 3 rood 21 perches (60,222 square metres), valued at £12 5s, and a residence valued at 15s, for a total valuation of £13.[146] Leased from Rev John James Moutray.[146] George also held the lease on a cottage, valued at 5s (no land) which was sub-leased to "lodgers".[146] In 1907 George held the main property & residence, "in fee".[146] The cottage sub-leased to lodgers was removed from the Valuations in 1901 with the note "Down" {possibly means the cottage had fallen down}.[146] On 28/9/1912, then a resident at Cavey, was a signatory of the Ulster Covenant at Ballinasaygart, Ballygawley, protesting the plans by the British government to give Ireland a limited measure of local autonomy known as 'Home Rule' (opposition delayed the passing of the bill until the start of WW1 when the plans were shelved. Home Rule was not granted until 1998).[147] Resided 1886, 1910, 1907, 1910, 1912, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[42,146,147] Resided 1901, house No.2, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[388] Living with him was Thomas & James Irwin, listed as brothers but actually nephews (sons of James Irwin & Eliza Campbell), boarders Robert Wylie (timber dealer, born 1877, Co Antrim) & Thomas Watson (timber dealer, born 1876, Belfast city), Anne Donaghy, domestic servant (19yo), 'niece' Lizzie Simpson (d/o Catherine Irwin & James Simpson) & 'cousin' Mary Irwin (8yo, literate, presbyterian, born Cumberland, England), identity unknown.[388] Resided 1911, house No.2, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (head of household), living with him was John Kyle, a general servant, Thomas Irwin (listed as brother but actually his nephew) and Thomas' wife.[148] Did not marry.[148]
	iii.	Jean Irwin, born Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[9,11] {Nothing further is known of Jean, all we know was that she was the d/o a James Irwin, around the 1830s or 1840s. Since James & Elizabeth have a large gap between 1828-1838, I have placed Jean here. James the Black does not have any obvious gaps}
*	iv.	Thomas Irwin,[3,6,23,29] born c.1838,[31] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[28,31] {Thomas' exact DOB is unknown. Varying estimates come from events later in his life: marriage (1838/1839), 1871 census (1840/1841), 1881 census corrected (1835/1836), 1891 census (1838/1839), 1901 census (1837/1838), 1911 census (1836/1837), death (12/1836), gravestone (1839). These give a range of dates from 1835-1841 and an average of 1838. Note that DOB estimates from census' give a 2 year range since a reported age, for example, of 22 can be anything from 22 years old to 22 years and 364 days old} (Charted in Canadian Branch Chart)
	v.	Anne Irwin,[9,11] born c.1839, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland, baptised Killeeshil Parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31] {Unverified and questionable data suggests she may have married and had issue George & Thomas, surname unknown.[28]}
*	vi.	Mary Irwin, born 1836-1840,[11,31,113] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[11,21,31] {[11] gives a DOB of 1837, but unsubstantiated} Emigrated to New Zealand.
*	vii.	Elizabeth Irwin,[3,32] born 1841/1842,[11,31] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[11,21,31] Married Robert Irwin. (Charted in New Zealand Branch Chart)
	viii.	Richard Irwin,[7] baptised 26/6/1846, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31] Died 1884, aged 38.[31] Farmed at Cavey.[31]
*	ix.	Archibald Irwin,[3,25,27,91] born c.1848,[22,23,27,28,31,96,108,111] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31] {Archibald's exact DOB is unknown. Varying estimates come from events later in his life: marriage in 1873 (b.1852/1853), 1881 census (b.1846/1847), 1891 census (b.1843/1844), 1901 census (b.1845/1846), 1911 census (b.5/1851), death (1844/1845). These give a range of dates from 1843-1853 and an average of 1847-1848} (Charted in Canadian Branch Chart)

Killeeshil Church of Ireland

Image - Colin McCallum [Rootsweb]

Omagh Rd, Glenchuil (just west of Cavey/Tullylinton)

Omagh Rd, Glenchuil,
looking south towards Cavey & Tullylinton
Image © Kenneth Allen [Geograph]

St Paul's, CoI, Killeeshil
Image © Killeeshil & Clonaneese
Historical Society

1.1.3. George Irwin,[3,11] (s/o Thomas, s/o Archibald) born c.1809 at Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[9,11] Died 14/4/1876, Lurgacullion townland, Killeeshil parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] On 11/9/1876 Anne Dunbar was granted administration of the estate of her father, George Irwin Sr, "Letters of Administration of the personal estate of George Irwin senior late of Lurgacullion County Tyrone Farmer deceased who died 14 April 1876 at same place were granted at Armagh to Anne Dunbar (Wife of Robert Dunbar of Lurgacullion (Aughnacloy) aforesaid Farmer) the Daughter of said deceased. Effects valued at under £100."[324] At some stage moved possibly to Dungannon, County Tyrone, Ireland.[11] Married unknown. Married 2nd Anne Moore, 30/3/1846, St Matthew, Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[34,165] Possibly the Ann Moore, d/o Nicholas & Jane, baptised 1816, St Kerrog, Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[2]

Children of George Irwin & unknown:

John Irwin,[389] born 1839,[3,9,11,34,160] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland [3,9,11,34] Died 12/9/1912, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland (74yo).[389] Buried Drumcoo Cemetery, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Buried with John was his wife, Annie, children Martha, Anne, George &Thomas & grandchildren John (died 16/7/1906, 15yo, currently unidentified) & James.[389] Ranfurly estate bailiff, 1910.[169] Estate Bailiff, 1911.[160] Church of Ireland & literate, 1911.[160] Married Anne Patterson,[3,9,11,30,34,389] 1865.[160] Ann born 1840, Co Tyrone, Ireland,[160] died 7/4/1913, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland (75yo) & buried with her husband.[389] Anne was Church of Ireland & literate, 1911.[160] Resided 1910, William Street, Dungannon, Co Tyrone.[169] Resided 1911, No.8 William Street, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160]

Children: (a)

George Irwin, born 7/1/1865, Clonavaddy townland, Donaghmore parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[34,389] Died 12/4/1929, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland (64yo).[389] Buried with parents, Drumcoo Cemetery, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Operated cycle depot, 1910.[169] Cycle & motor agent, 1911.[160] Church of Ireland & literate, 1911.[160] Resided 1910, William Street, Dungannon, Co Tyrone.[169] Resided, 1911, with parents, No.8 William Street, Dungannon, Co Tyrone.[160] Unmarried, as of 1911.[160]

(b)

Charles 'Charleton' Irwin,[3,9] born 28/9/1866, Clonavaddy townland, Donaghmore parish, County Tyrone, Ireland [11,34] Died 19/11/1935, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland (68yo).[389] Buried Drumcoo Cemetery, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Linen lapper, 1910.[169] Warehouse manager, 1911.[160] Land agent.[3] Married Margaret, 1896.[160] Margaret born 1874, Co Tyrone,[160] died 6/10/1966, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland (95yo).[389] Buried with her husband.[389] {[9,11] gives a daughter, Marie} Resided 1910, William Street, Dungannon, Co Tyrone.[169] Resided, 1911, No.7 William Street, Dungannon, Co Tyrone.[160]

Children: (1)		Garnet W. Irwin, born 1897, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] Died 26/8/1918 (21yo), France.[389] Buried with parents, Drumcoo Cemetery, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] With parents, 1911.[160] Sergeant in the Royal Irish Fusiliers, killed in action, WWI, & his name listed on the Dungannon War Memorial, Market Square, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[174,389] "In memory of the soldiers & nurses of Dungannon who gave their lives for freedom & humanity in the great War 1914-1918".[174]
(2)		Thomas John Irwin, born 1899, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] With parents, 1911.[160]
(3)		Charleton Sandwith Irwin, born 1901, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] Died 196/1977, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland (76yo).[389] Buried with parents, Drumcoo Cemetery, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] With parents, 1911.[160] Married E. Miriam.[389] Miriam died 27/5/2006, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland (91yo).[389] Buried with her husband.[389]
(4)		Margaret Gertrude Irwin, born 1903, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] With parents, 1911.[160]
(5)		Samuel Hall Irwin, born 1905, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] With parents, 1911.[160]
(6)		James Shillington Irwin, born 1907, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] Died 20/2/1926, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland (18yo).[389] Buried with grandparents, Drumcoo Cemetery, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] With parents, 1911.[160]
(7)		Evelyn Muriel Irwin, born 1910, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] With parents, 1911.[160]
(8)		Annie Jane Irwin, born 1911, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] With parents, 1911.[160]
(9)		Marie Irwin,[3,9] born after 1911, Dungannon, County Tyrone, Ireland.[160]

(c)

Anne Jane Irwin, born 24/4/1868, Clonavaddy townland, Donaghmore parish, County Tyrone, Ireland [30] Died 27/6/1924, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland (56yo).[389] Buried with parents, Drumcoo Cemetery, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Church of Ireland & literate, 1911.[160] Resided, 1911, with parents, No.8 William Street, Dungannon, Co Tyrone (age given as 38).[160] Unmarried, as of 1911.[160]

(d)

William John Irwin, born 25/10/1869, Coalisland, Tullyniskan parish, County Tyrone, Ireland [30] Died infancy.[160]

(e)

William Irwin, born 28/5/1870, Ballygawley, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland [30]

(f)

Samuel Irwin, born 30/3/1872, Ballygawley, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland [30]

(g)

Thomas Irwin, born 1876, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] Died Dungannon & his death noted on his parents' gravestone, Drumcoo Cemetery, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland, "Memory of Thomas died visiting Dungannon" (actual burial location unknown).[389] Cycle & motor agent, 1911.[160] Church of Ireland & literate, 1911.[160] Resided, 1911, with parents, No.8 William Street, Dungannon, Co Tyrone.[160] Unmarried, as of 1911.[160]

(h)

Susan Mary Irwin, born 1877, near Dungannon, County Tyrone, Ireland [389] Died 1970 & buried Coolhill Cemetery, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Married Marshall Scott.[389] Marshall ran a drapers shop in Drogheda, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] The shop was boycotted in 1910/1911 & the family moved to Ballymena, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Susan & Marshall separated 1911/1912, she was collected from the Scott home by her brother, George Irwin, in pony and trap with three small children whilst pregnant with fourth and brought back to Dungannon where she lived above Irwin Brothers Cycle depot in William Street, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Susan inherited 'Irwin Brothers' when her brother, George, died.[389] She had previously helped run the shop and introduced electrical goods to Dungannon.[389]

Children: (1)		John Irwin Scott, born 1909, Drogheda, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Died 1998, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Married Mary Jane 'May'.[389] Mary born 1908, died 1981.[389] John & Mary buried Coolhill Cemetery, Dungannon, with his mother.[389] Issue: John Irwin Scott (1940-2000, was shot by gunmen in Irwin Brothers cycle shop Dungannon, eventually dying from his injuries, buried with his parents), Mary Scott.[389]
(2)		Ann Georgina 'Ina' Scott, born 1909, Drogheda, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Died 2007, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Buried with mother, Coolhill Cemetery, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Did not marry.[389]
(3)		Margaret Irwin 'Peggy' Scott, born 1911, Ballymena, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Died 2006, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Buried with mother, Coolhill Cemetery, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Did not marry.[389]
(4)		Violet Winifred 'Freddie' Scott, born 1912, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Died 2010, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Married Cecil Dixon.[389] Cecil born 1914 & died 2011.[389] Issue: Arthur William Irwin Dixon (b.1941), Margaret Irwin Dixon (b.1945), Robert Cecil Dixon (b.1955).[389]

(i)

Martha Irwin, born 1880, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389] Died 10/7/1893, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland (12yo).[389] Buried with parents, John & Annie, Drumcoo Cemetery, Dungannon, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[389]

(j)

Margaret Irwin, born 1881, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] Harersom/Hareroom manageress, 1911.[160] Church of Ireland & literate, 1911.[160] Resided, 1911, with parents, No.8 William Street, Dungannon, Co Tyrone.[160] Unmarried, as of 1911.[160] Married Mr Mullener.[389] Emigrated to Boston, USA.[389]

(k)

John & Anne had a total of 11 children, 9 still living in 1911. 2 deceased & 8 living children are accounted for, as above, and by a great-granddaughter of Susan (above), leaving an additional child not yet to be identified and not living in Dungannon in 1911.[160]

ii.

George Irwin,[30] born 1842, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[149] Married Catherine Martin,[30] 19/2/1869, Church of Ireland, Aughnacloy, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[165] Catherine died before 1911.[149] In the 1911 census (2/4/1911) was listed as a retired farmer, widower, Church of Ireland & literate (69yo).[149] Resided 1911, house No.54, Ballygawley, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[149]

Children: (a)

George Irwin, born 27/4/1872, Clonavaddy townland, Donaghmore parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[30,165]

iii.

Annie Irwin, born 1844, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] On 11/9/1876 Anne Dunbar was granted administration of the estate of her father, George Irwin Sr, "Letters of Administration of the personal estate of George Irwin senior late of Lurgacullion County Tyrone Farmer deceased who died 14 April 1876 at same place were granted at Armagh to Anne Dunbar (Wife of Robert Dunbar of Lurgacullion (Aughnacloy) aforesaid Farmer) the Daughter of said deceased. Effects valued at under £100."[324] Church of Ireland & literate, 1911.[160] Married Robert Dunbar, 1868, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] Robert, born 1839, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] Farmer, Church of Ireland & literate, 1911.[160] Resided 1911, Lurgacullion, Killeeshil parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] Refer to Dunbar chart for additional information & children.

9 William St, Dungannon
Image © Property News

Dungannon War Memorial
Image © Ulster War Memorials

Clonavaddy Townland
Image © Kenneth Allen [Geograph]

The Dungannon War Memorial is located in the Market Square. The inscription on the memorial reads: "In Memory of the Soldiers & Nurses of Dungannon Who Gave Their Lives for Freedom and Humanity in the Great War 1914–1918". The memorial, erected at a cost of £1,700, is the work of Mr. F.W. Pomeroy. It consists of a bronze figure, a soldier representing Victory, standing about 8 feet 6 inches, in height, which is mounted on a large pedestal of Stancliffe stone, on which are four bronze panels containing some 200 names of the fallen of Dungannon, almost 100 of those being men of the Royal Inniskillings Fusiliers. The total height of the monument is 18 feet 6 inches (approx 6m), and weights about 30 tons. It was unveiled by the Countess of Ranfurly. During his speech Brigadier-General Ricardo said, ‘Let the comradeship of the trenches, where no division of creed or class was known, be with them to the end. The memorial should remind them of their duty to ex-Service men, especially the scarred and maimed in mind or body, many of whom to-day were unemployed. The men whom they honoured were all volunteers. No compulsion was needed to urge them. They lived and died free men.’ The names listed are those off or from the Dungannon area. The regiments, etc., in which they served are listed in alphabetical order.[Ulster War Memorials]

Donaghy's Bar, William St, Dungannon
Image © Kenneth Allen [Geograph]

Scotch Street, Dungannon
Image - Dungannon: Rootsweb

Irwin Bros. Motorbike Shop, Dungannon
Image © Robert Irwin

Dungannon (from the Irish: Dún Geanainn meaning "Geanann's stronghold") is a town in County Tyrone. It is the third-largest town in the county and had a population of 11,139 in 2001. Dungannon's fortunes have been closely tied to that of the O'Neill dynasty which ruled most of Ulster until the seventeenth century and was Irelands most powerful Gaelic family. Dungannon was the clans main stronghold which made it by default the most important settlement in Gaelic Ireland. In 1607, as part of the Plantation of Ulster, the town and its castle were granted to Sir Arthur Chichester, the architect of the Plantation. The once-thriving linen industry has largely been replaced by glass-blowing.[Wikipedia]

Charleton Irwin & Family grave
Drumcoo Cemetery - Julie Garrett

John & Annie Irwin grave
Drumcoo Cemetery - Julie Garrett

Scott Family grave
Coolhill Cemetery - Julie Garrett

John Irwin (1839-1912)
Image - Julie Garrett

Anne Patterson (1840-1913)
Image - Julie Garrett

Irwin Cycle shop, Dungannon
Image - Julie Garrett

__________
Image -

1.1.4. Thomas Irwin Jr,[3,9,10] (s/o Thomas, s/o Archibald) born before 1800, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[10,11] {[10,11] gives a dob of c.1809, however Thomas had grandchildren born 1844 & another probably born before that, indicating Thomas was born no more recently than 1805. Thomas' parents had children born 1802, 1803 & 1805 which means that unless Thomas was a twin, he would have been born 1800 or earlier. His parents were married by 1796} Died c.1835 & the Administration Bond dated 1835.[146] Farmer, 1835.[146] Married Jane.[3,9,11] {A Thomas & Mary Irwin had a son, Thomas Jr, baptised 1827, St Kerog's, Ballygawley.[2] It is possible that the father was Thomas Jr {1.1.4} and either had two wives or was married to Mary Jane, a common name. It is also possible that this Thomas was a nephew of Thomas Sr {1.1}} In 1832 Thomas of Cavey townland, was listed in the Tithe Applotment for the parish of Errigal Keerogue, indicating he was a tenant.[146] He had three blocks of land, of 10 acres, 30 acres and the third of 8 acres, for a total of 48 acres, with a payable tithe of £3 & 1.5d.[146] Resided 1832, 1835, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[146]

Children of Thomas & Jane Irwin:

James Irwin,[9] born between 1815-1820 {eldest known child born 1841}, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,11] {1.1.4.1}

ii.

Catherine Irwin,[146,153] probably born between 1815-1825. {Parentage unknown but Thomas the most likely. Her husband was born c.1814 & had a child in 1844, implying her stated DOB estimate. Thomas Sr too old, Archibald, his brother, died 1818 but had children 1816 & 1818, so unlikely (but possible) & of Thomas Sr's' sons, only Thomas Jr & possibly Robert were old enough and Robert appears to have left Co Tyrone, possibly in the 1830s. Robert & Archibald are possible fathers, but less likely than Thomas} Married James Moore.[150,153] James born c.1814, died 15/1/1889 (75yo), Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland, and buried Ballynasaggart Townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[150] In 1860 was a tenant of Anketell Moutray, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone.[161] James' land, leased from Anketell Moutray, consisted of two blocks (no's 8a & 8b), the larger with a house, out-buildings and land covering 14 acres & 1 rood & 20 perches (58,175 square metres), with an annual valuation of £11 15s for the land and £1 for the residence.[61] The smaller block of land covered 1a & 2 roods (6070 square metres) with an annual valuation of £1 15s, for a total valuation of £14 10s.[161]

Children: (a)

Eliza Moore, born 26/8/1844, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish & baptised 3/10/1844, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[146,153] William Ferguson the officiating minister.[146] {[153] gives date 20/8/1844, presumably a typo for the DOB. [146] does not give the surname} Emigrated to New Zealand with 'cousin' Mary Irwin.

(b)

Thomas Moore.[150] Married unknown. Mrs Thomas Moore born 1845, died 10/3/1897 (52yo), Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland, and buried Ballynasaggart Townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[150] Resided 1911 (with son), house No.1, Carnargan township, Upper Badony parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (66yo).[160]

Children: (1)

John James Moore, born 1879, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] Army pensioner, 1911.[161] Married Rebecca, 1905.[160] Rebecca born 1869, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] {Rebecca's age stated on the census seems overly old, possibly an error} John & Rebecca were literate & presbyterian, 1911.[160] Resided 1911 (with son), house No.1, Carnargan township, Upper Badony parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[160] Living with them was John's father (Thomas) and their two surviving children, Thomas Nathan (3yo, 4mo) & Andrew (1yo, 10mo).[160]

(c)

James Moore, baptised 18/12/1846, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[153]

iii.

Margaret Irwin,[151] probably born between 1817-1826, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[151] {Possible daughter, based on stated family relationships & that Clare More is just over 5 miles from Cavey} Married John Short, 20/5/1847, parish church, Clogher, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[151] Both of full age (ie: 21yo or over) & previously unmarried.[151] John Short, a farmer of Cormore, s/o James Short, farmer, Margaret Irwin, of Clare More, d/o Thomas Irwin, farmer.[151] Witnesses James Irwin and James Breen.[151] In 1860 was a tenant of Francis Gervais, Cormore townland, Clogher parish, Co Tyrone.[161]

Children: (a)

Margaret Short, baptised 29/5/1865, parish church, Clogher, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[151]

iv.

Jane Irwin,[165] probably born between 1820-1830. Married John McCance, St Matthew's CoI, Ballynasaggart Townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[165] {Possible daughter, it is reasonable that Thomas & Jane named a daughter Jane}

John Irwin, born c.1830, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,9,11] {DOB is an estimate cited by other researchers, accuracy unkown}

Ballygawley Presbyterian Church & Manse
Image - Churches of Tyrone [Rootsweb]

Interior, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church
Image - Churches of Tyrone [Rootsweb]

St Macartan's, Clogher
Image - Churches of Britain & Ireland

The Ballygawley Presbyterian Church is in Church Street, Ballygawley. The present building was built in 1883 (although there was a Presbyterian church in Ballygawley as early as 1817[2]). The church is a Gothic Revival style chapel, consisting of 5 lancet windows along sides and projecting chancel. Stepped quoins at corners and plinth. Main front gable has central door, circular window above and gable pinnacle, flanked by 2 tall lancet windows Built of buff-pink local sandstone & limestone. The sandstone blockwork is in reasonable condition but with some evidence of isolated stone block deterioration and surface loss through flaking and granular disintegration.[337] Clogher (Irish: Clochar) is a village in County Tyrone, situated on the River Blackwater, 29 km south of Omagh. Although home to a Church of Ireland cathedral, by population it is a village, with just 309 residents in 2001. Clogher is a place-name which means something to do with or made of stone. In this case it must refer to stone building at the royal ring-fort or cathedral. No early stonework is visible today, but archaeologists found a building which had already tumbled into rubble by the 5th century. Clogher is said to have been the location of a gold pagan idol named Cermand Cestach. The Church of Ireland diocese has two cathedrals: St Macartan's in Clogher and St Macartin's in Enniskillen.[Wikipedia]

1.1.5. Archibald Irwin Jr,[3,11] (s/o Thomas, s/o Archibald) born 1808[150]/c.1811, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[9,11] Died 21/12/1876 (68yo),[150] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland,[146,150] and buried Ballynasaggart Townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[150] {Ballynasaggart is a township in the civil parish of Errigal Kerrogue near Cavey, Tullylinton Township lies between the two. According to [9,11,146] died c.1878, based on his son, William, having his leases in that year} Farmer, 1862,1875.[146,158] Upon Archibald's death his land at Cavey was taken over by William Irwin.[146] {William was Archibald's son in law} Was possibly the Archibald Irwin who was a witness at his nephew's wedding 1/1/1861, Ballyreagh Presbyterian Church, County Tyrone, Ireland.[6] Archibald, along with Thomas Happer of Armalughey {Archibald's sister married a Happer} was an executor of the will of John McConnell (d.2/12/1872), probated 27/10/1875, total effects were under £300.[158] "The Will of John McConnell late of Ballygawley County Tyrone Farmer deceased who died 2 December 1872 at same place was proved at Armagh by the oaths of Archibald Irwin of Keavey and Thomas Happer of Armalughey both in (Ballygawley) said County Farmers the Executors."[158] Married Catherine.[3,9,11,146,153] Catherine born 1811, died 19/11/1877, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone & buried Ballynasaggart Townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (66yo).[150] In 1860 was a tenant of Anketell Moutray, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone.[146] Archibald's land consisted of a house, out-buildings and land, split into two by a lane, one block covering 5 acres & 2 roods (22,258 square metres) and another covering 12 acres 2 roods & 5 perches (50,712 square metres).[146] The smaller block had an annual valuation of 2s (shillings) and the larger of £10, along with an additional 15s for a house on the larger block, for a total annual valuation of £12, 15s.[146] In 1861 was leasing 20 acres 3 rood 25 perches (84,605 square metres), valued at £16 3s with a residence valued at 17s, for a total valuation of £17.[146] In 1878 the land was then owned by Rev. John James Moutray and was then leased by William Irwin.[146] Resided 1845, 1860, 1870, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[146]

Children of Archibald & Catherine Irwin:

Catharine Irwin,[11,38,153] born before 1840, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland. Married James Simpson,[11,38,153] 4/2/1858, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[165].{There is no solid evidence that Catherine is a d/o Archibald, however Archibald's wife was a Catherine and it is quite feasable that they had a daughter, also named Catherine. Note that three of Archibald's children, in addition to Catharine, emigrated to New Zealand. [11] suggests she may have been the d/o James & Elizabeth (Moore). It is unknown whether Catherine & James emigrated to NZ or whether their daughter did. The NZ BMDs do contain the deaths for several Catherine Simpsons who could fit}

Children: (a)

Catharine Simpson,[11,114] born 25/4/1867, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[30,38] {Baptism noted by [153] but details not recorded} Katherine died 1950, New Zealand (80yo).[114] Married James Montague 'Mort' Johnstone,[11,114] 1899, New Zealand.[114] James born 1874 & died 1933, New Zealand (59yo).[114]
Resided No.16 Southhampton Street, Christchurch, New Zealand.[11]

Children: (1)		Mary Kathleen Johnstone,[11] born 1900, New Zealand.[114] Married Albert George Beard,[11,114] 1928, New Zealand.[114]
(2)		Joseph Montgomery Johnstone, born 1904, New Zealand.[114]
(3)		Douglas James Johnstone, born 1908, New Zealand.[114]

(b)

Elizabeth 'Lizzie' Simpson, born 1876, Co Fermanagh, Ireland.[388] Seamstress, literate & single, 1901.[388] Resided, 1901, with 'uncle', George Irwin, house No.2, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[388]

ii.

Robert Irwin,[3] born 1841, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[9,11,38] (Charted in New Zealand Branch Chart)

iii.

James Irwin, born Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[9,11] {According to a letter from Eve Wilton,[3,11] James died c.1890s, New Zealand. There is no other evidence for his existence. "In about 1890 James was drowed in New Zealand (his father was from Cavey). There was a man near Ballygawley about 1870 named George Veysey Stewart who organised and advertised for groups of Irish to settle in New Zealand. The son of this man (with the same name as his father), his brother-in-law, Frank Anderson, and a fisherman, James Irwin, all drowned at kati kati Heads while fishing."[3] The death of George Vasey Stewart was recorded for 1892 (31yo).[114] There is, however, no corresponding entry for an Irwin nor a Frank Anderson. The following newspaper report, published 12/8/1892, sheds more light on the story: "Katikati. From our own correspondent. An inquest was held on Monday at 11 a.m. on the body of George Vesey Stewart, jun. found by natives on the Pauipani beach, who after coming from the island and informing the relations, returned with them, and the body was removed by boat to Mr M. A. Stewarts and from thence by buggy to the Hotel. Captain Macmillan, J.P. acted as coroner and a jury of six was empannelled, consisting of T. Dalzell, (foreman), J. Lockington, J. Wilson, N. A.. Johnston, J. Klaus, and D. Stuart. The body could only be identified by the clothing and boots, the hands and face being very much disfigured. Alf. Faulkners evidence, relative to the accident to the 'Hit or Miss', was also heard and after due deliberation the jury returned the following verdict, "That the body viewed is that of Geo. V. Stewart, junior, who was drowned by the swamping of the 'Hit or Miss' off Katikati heads on Saturday 23rd July." The following rider was added, "The jury strongly appreciate the services rendered by the natives in taking charge of the body when found and covering the same, with their own blankets." Captain Macmillan on his own, and the jury's behalf, through the interpreter conveyed the meaning of the rider to the natives and informed them that their meritorious conduct would be reported to the Government. The funeral of the deceased gentleman, which was attended by nearly every male inhabitant of the district, left the Uretara Hotel at the conclusion of the inquest. As the deceased was a member of the local band the members mustered in full force and preceded the hearse to the grave playing 'the Dead March in Saul' and other appropriate airs. The full Church of England funeral service was read at the grave by the Rev. Canon Johnston. A subscription list has been opened at the Uretara Hotel for the benefit of the widow and family of Robert Irwin of Auckland, another of the victims of this lamentable accident. Subscriptions from sympathisers will be thankfully received by Miss McDonnell."[170] The naming the Irwin who died with George Stewart as Robert Irwin casts considerable doubt on the story related by Eve Wilton. Evidently since Mr Irwin's body was not recovered, his death was not registered and thus not included in the BMD index. Since the evidence that Archibald had a son named James is connected with this story, the existence of such a son must be viewed with some doubt. If there was a son named James, he either died young or did not remain in Ireland since Archibald's farm passed to his son-in-law upon his death. Possibly the Robert Irwin who married Margaret Wingate, 1889, NZ & had issue Robert (1890) & Charles (1892).[114]}

iv.

William Irwin,[9,37] born 1845,[35,117] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[11] Died 2/4/1873 and buried 4/4/1873, Block D, Plot 31, General Section, Timaru Cemetery, Domaine Ave, Timaru, New Zealand (28yo).[35,115] "In Memory of William Irwin Who died April 2.1873, Aged 28 years. Blessed are those servants whom the Lord when he commeth shall find watching".[115] William was buried adjacent to Robert (his brother), in the same plot.[36,115] William died after the wheel of a dray had rolled over his back.[36] "An inquest was held at Mr W.K. Macdonald's station on Thursday, April 3 before B. Woollcombe, Esq., Coroner, on the body of William Irwin. The wheel of the dray had gone over his back. A jury of fourteen were sworn in, of which Mr J. Wadsworth was chosen foreman. John Airy: I am a carter at Mr Macdonalds. James Bennett: I am a laborer in the employ of Mr Macdonald, living in a house on his farm."[36] {I have come across an almost identical description of another death in which the victim was comatose after excessive drinking and was run over while lying face down along the side of a road. That case likewise required a coronial investigation} Emigrated to New Zealand, on the 'Mermaid', departing London 15/9/1866 & arriving at Lyttelton, New Zealand 5/1/1867.[117] William was listed as single, of Co Tyrone Ireland, 22yo.[117] Married Sarah.[9,11] {Little is known of Sarah. The marriage does not appear in the NZ BMD Index, nor is there any trace of a 2nd marriage. Possibly the Sarah Irwin, died 1915 (75yo), NZ (location unknown) or the Sarah Irwin who died 1914 (64yo), NZ (location unknown.[114] Neither Sarah is buried at Timaru.[115]}

Children: (a)		Annie Irwin, born c.1869, Timaru, New Zealand.[113] {[113] states Annie died 10/7/1897, Timaru, however she is not listed in the Timaru Cemeteries Index. An Anna Irwin, buried 10/2/1897 is listed, but she is the d/o Robert & Margaret Irwin.[115]}
(b)		John Irwin, born 1870,[37,115] Timaru, New Zealand.[113] {[37] gave an estimated DOB of 1870, [113] gave one of 1874, obviously incompatible with his father's death. The NZ BMD Index has births for Robert John Irwin and John William Irwin, both in 1870, no location or parents given. Given his father was William Irwin, the later would seem more feasible} Died 6/8/1894, Christchurch, New Zealand,[37] & buried 7/8/1894, Block 22, Plot 116, Linwood Cemetery, Christchurch, New Zealand (25yo).[116] At the time of his death his normal residence was Timaru, New Zealand.[116] "On the 6th inst, at Christchurch, John the beloved son of William Irwin, Timaru, in his 24th year. Deeply regretted."[37] No issue.[116]

Sarah Irwin, born 16/1/1845, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone & baptised 2/2/1845, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[146,153] William Ferguson the officiating minister.[146] Married William Irwin, 12/12/1873,[7,31] Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, County Tyrone, Ireland. {There are numerous William and Sarah Irwins in the family. Sarah, d/o Archibald is presumably the one who married William Irwin since when Archibald died his property went into the possession of a William Irwin and Archibald's son, William, was dead by that time (and in New Zealand), the most likely explaination for a William being his heir is that his daughter was the Sarah who married William Irwin in 1873}

Archibald & Catherine Irwin's homestead, Cavey
Image © Robert Irwin

Site of Archibald Irwin's farm, Cavey (block 1a) in 1955

Site of Archibald Irwin's farm, Cavey (block 1a)
Image © Robert Irwin, 1955

Robert Irwin, Ballygawley, 1964
Image © Robert Irwin

Right-click & save for slightly larger copies or email the author for high-resolution scans.

18 & 16 Southhampton Street, Christchurch, NZ

18 & 16 Southhampton St, Christchurch,
New Zealand
Image © Google Streetview

Tombstone, William Irwin,
Timaru Cemetery, NZ
Image © Timaru Cemetery

Timaru, New Zealand, 1898

Image - Cyclopedia of New Zealand

No.16 (on the right) & No.18 Southhampton St, Christchurch appear to be almost identical cottages. No.16, where Catherine & James lived, is mostly obscured by vegetation, so I have included a photograph of No.18 so that one can get a better picture of what Catherine & James' home looked like. The cottages are typical detached terrace style residences, narrow but long. A close up on William Irwin's tombstone can be obtained from the Timaru Cemetery website. Adjacent to William's tombstone is that of Robert Irwin, his brother. Timaru is a coastal town in the south island of New Zealand. Refer to the New Zealand chart for background information on Timaru & additional information.

1.1.2.1. James Irwin Jr,[3,9,11,21,40,146] (s/o James Sr, s/o Thomas, s/o Archibald), born 1825,[3,11,21,31] and baptised 7/6/1825, St Kerrog, Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[2,31] Died 14/7/1907, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland,[31,150] & buried Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Co Tyrone, Ireland (80yo).[150] Married Eliza Campbell,[31,40,146] 25/5/1854, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Erigle Keerogue Parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[30,31,165] Eliza was the daughter of Ian Campbell.[30] Resided 1855, Richmount Township, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[146] Not listed in 1860 Valuations for Erigle Keerogue Parish, County Tyrone {ie: did not own or lease any land}.[161]

Children of James Irwin & Eliza Campbell:

Thomas Irwin, born 17/11/1855, Richmount (Richmond), Co Tyrone & baptised 21/1/1856, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[146,153] William Ferguson the officiating minister.[146] {[31] assumes this was James, below. Listed as 50yo in 1911 census.[148]} Presbyterian, literate, single & farmer, 1901.[388] Married Emely, c.1906.[148] Emely, a domestic servant, born c.1881, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[148] In the 1911 census (2/4/1911) both were listed as presbyterian & literate.[148] On 28/9/1912, then a resident at Cavey, was a signatory of the Ulster Covenant at Lisbeg House, Ballygawley, protesting the plans by the British government to give Ireland a limited measure of local autonomy known as 'Home Rule' (opposition delayed the passing of the bill until the start of WW1 when the plans were shelved. Home Rule was not granted until 1998).[147] Resided 1901, with uncle, George Irwin, house No.2, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (40yo).[388] Resided, 1911, with Thomas' uncle, George {incorrectly listed as George's brother & Emily incorrectly listed as George's wife, although the census stated George was single & Thomas married}, house No.2, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[148] Resided 1912, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone.[147] No issue as of 1911.[148]

ii.

James Irwin,[9,21,39] born 1856,[149] County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,11,31,149] Died before 1923.[41] {According to [31] was Thomas James, however this is inconsistent with all other sources including a granddaughter of James} Presbyterian, literate, single & farmer, 1901.[388] On 28/9/1912, then a resident at Ballygawley, was a signatory of the Ulster Covenant at Lisbeg House, Ballygawley, protesting the plans by the British government to give Ireland a limited measure of local autonomy known as 'Home Rule' (opposition delayed the passing of the bill until the start of WW1 when the plans were shelved. Home Rule was not granted until 1998).[147] Blacksmith.[173] Publican.[39,41] Married Ann Stewart,[9,149] 16/10/1901, Aughnacloy Presbyterian Church, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[165] {Ann was previously married to John Irwin (James' 2nd cousin), and had two children from that marriage} Ann was born c.1858,[337] Scotland,[149] and died 14/7/1947, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland (89yo).[3,11,41,337] Buried Presbyterian Burial Ground, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[337] {[41] claims Ann was born c.1853, however this would have made her too old for her later children & conflicts with the 1911 census data, [3,11] give an estimabed DOB of c.1863}

"Mrs Annie Irwin. The Diamond, Ballygawley. The death of Mrs Annie Irwin of The Diamond, Ballygawley, took place on Monday 14th July. The deceased lady had reached the age of 89 years and her death means that one of our oldest links with the past has been severed. Death occurred after about five week's illness and the sympathy of town and district was extended to her family in their bereavement. During her last illness she was faithfully nursed by her daughter Jean, who, with her son George resided with her. Her other daughter, Mrs Baxter of Belfast, was also with her at the last. Her other son Tom has resided in the USA for several years. Deceased made many friends during her business life in the district and the attendance at her funeral bore ample testimony to the respect in which she was held. The funeral took place on Wednesday 16th July to Presbyterian Burial Ground, Ballygawley. Rev. W. Bell, B.A., conducted the services in the home and at the graveside. Beautiful wreaths were laid by members of the family. The chief mourners at the funeral were George Irwin (son), William Baxter (son in law), Joseph Baxter (grandson) and numerous other relatives. Funeral arrangements were carried out by Messers N. Duff & Sons, Ballygawley."[337]

James and Ann owned and operated the Diamond Bar in Ballygawley.[39] The Diamond Bar had a very small bar area, but possessed a large room out the back that was used for dances & meetings.[41] James was listed as a "spirit merchant, Ballygawley" in the 1910 Belfast and Ulster Towns Directory.[42] After James' death Ann continued to operate the bar with the help of their children George & Jean.[39] George & Jean continued to operate the bar after Ann's death.[39] Publican, 1903-1905.[41] In the 1911 census (2/4/1911) was listed as a publican, presbyterian & illiterate (55yo).[149] Resided 1901, with uncle, George Irwin, house No.2, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (38yo).[388] Resided 1903-1905, Whitehaven, Cumbria, England.[41] Resided 1911, house No.75, Ballygawley, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (head of household).[149] Living with James in 1911 was his nephew Harry Stewart (9yo), a boarder, William McClelland (40yo), and two step children, Jeanie (16yo) & Annie (14yo).[149]

Children: (a)

George Irwin,[9,172,173] born 11/12/1903,[31] Whitehaven, Cumbria, England.[149] {[9] gives a DOB of 1900, which is inconsistent with the 1911 census & the death of his mother's first husband} Died at home, 3/9/1966, Main Street, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland,[3,9,11,41,171] & buried Ballygawley Presbyterian Churchyard, 5/8/1966.[171] "The Officers & Members of the [Loyal Orange Lodge, 202, Favor Royal] regret the passing of their esteemed brother, George Irwin, and tender to his family their deepest sympathy. George Little, W.M., Alexander Reid, secretary."[171] "Irwin - September 3, 1966, at his home Main Street, Ballygawley, George, son of James & Annie Irwin and dearly beloved brother of Tommy, Jean & Annie. Interred in Ballygawley Presbyterian Churchyard on Monday, 5th August, 1966. Deeply regretted by the sorrowing Family Circle."[171] {The burial date should be 5th September, which is a Monday. 5th August is a Friday} Member of the Loyal Orange Lodge, 202, Favor Royal.[171] Did not marry.[41] Was co-owner of the "Irwin's Diamond Bar" with his sister, Jean, and also owned property in Cavey which included the original home of James & Anne Irwin (great grandparents of George),[11,41,172] In 1981 the farm at Cavey was then owned by Tom Erskin.[3] Resided 1911 with parents, house No.75, Ballygawley, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (7yo).[149]

(b)

Thomas James Irwin,[9,172] born 17/1/1905, Whitehaven, Cumbria, England,[3,9,11,41,149,173] died 30/9/1984, Portland, Multnomah Co, Oregon, USA.[3,11,41,173] Resided 1911 with parents, house No.75, Ballygawley, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (5yo).[149] Resided in Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland, for some time,[39] before emigrating to the USA in 1923.[41] Emigrated to USA to play soccer with Green Lakes United, Seattle.[41] Milkman, lumber yard salesman, boilermaker, worked in Portland shipping yards during WWII, worked on major construction projects throughout the western states after the war (dams etc).[41,173] Married 1st Delphine Lee, 27/2/1930.[41] Delphine of Oregon, USA,[3] died California, USA, divorced.[41] Married 2nd Christina Imlay Rollo,[3] 10/5/1933, Vancouver, Washington, USA.[41] Christine born 11/1/1917, Portland, Multnomah Co, Oregon, died 21/10/1984, Portland, Multnomah Co, Oregon, USA & buried Rose City Cemetery.[41] Resided 1911-1923, Ballygawley, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[41,149] Resided 1923-1930, Seattle, Washington, USA.[41] Resided 1930-1945, North East Alberta & North East Fremont, Portland, Oregon, USA.[405] Resided 1945-1951, No.7209 North East Hodge, Portland, Oregon, USA.[405] Resided 1951-1994, No.8208 North East Wygant, Portland, Oregon, USA.[405]

Children: (1)		Dorothy Ann Irwin,[172] born 12/10/1930, Concrete, Washington, USA.[3,41] Married Charles Anderson.[3,172]
(2)		Charles Irwin, born 10/2/1937, Portland, Multnomah Co, Oregon, USA.[41] Married Barbara Bowman.[3]
(3)		Jeanie Ann Irwin, born 29/12/1940, Portland, Multnomah Co, Oregon, USA.[41]

iii.

Isabella Irwin, born 17/3/1861, Findrum, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31] Died infancy?

iv.

Eliza Irwin, born 3/3/1863, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[40] {[153] gives the baptism as 9/3/1846, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, which is 8 years before her parents married. Presumably a mis-transcription}

Margaret Irwin, born 24/9/1866, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[40] {[153] gives the baptism as 2/10/1869, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church. presumably a mis-transcription}

vi.

Isabella Irwin, born 8/10/1869,[153] & baptised 9/10/1869, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31,40,153]

vii.

Archibald Irwin of Ballygawley, Co. Tyrone.[3,9,11] Not in Co Tyrone, 1911.[148]

viii.

George Irwin of Ballygawley, Co. Tyrone.[9,31] Not in Co Tyrone, 1911.[148]

Ann Stuart &
James Irwin
Image - Jeanie Reed

Thomas James Irwin &
Christina Imlay Rollo
Image © Jeanie Reed

Thomas & Christina
Irwin, 1983
Image © Jeanie Reed

Richmond Townland, Tyrone,
Cr Findrum & Omagh Rds, looking north
Image © Kenneth Allen [Geograph]

Ballygawley (Irish: Baile Uí Dhálaigh, meaning "Ó Dálaigh's townland") is a village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland.[Wikipedia] Ballygawley did not begin to develop until Sir John Stewart purchased the local estate in 1811 and became the first resident landlord. He re-established the once prosperous linen markets, set up a brewery, distillery, glove factory and built up the monthly town fair to become one of the top cattle fairs in Ireland. Within 20 years the town doubled in size and in population. The Clogher Valley Railway linked Ballygawley and other local towns with the main railway systems for more than fifty years until its closure in 1942. Ballygawley was one of the first towns in Ireland to have its own electricity supply from a water turbine on the Ballygawley river.[Askins] The population of Ballygawley rose rapidly after 1811, reaching a peak in 1837 of almost 1000 residents, but by 1841 the population had begun to decline, a decline which continued well into the 1900s. {1813 (513), 1837 (972), 1841 (881), 1871 (570), 1910 (351), 2001 (642)} This rise & fall in the population matched that of Tyrone and, for that matter, the whole of Ireland. In 1837 "Ballygawley, a market and post-town, and a parish, partly in the barony of Clogher, and partly in that of Dungannon, county of Tyrone, and province of Ulster, 13 miles SE from Omagh, and 74 miles NWN from Dublin; containing 4428 inhabitants, of which number, 972 are in the town. The lands and manor of Moyenner and Balegalle were granted by James Ist to Captain William Turvin, but he neglecting to comply with the conditions of the grant, they were afterwards granted, in 1614, to Sir Gerard Lowther, who erected on the bank of a small river a very extensive castle, which he enclosed within a bawn of stone and lime and made a place of great strength. This castle was destroyed, in 1642, by the insurgents under Sir Phelim O'Nial: the walls and two towers of the bawn, with part of the castle walls, are still remaining; and a modern house has been recently erected on the site. The town is situated on the mail coach road from Dublin to Londonderry, and consists of three streets and a market-place; it contains about 250 houses, some of which are large and well built, and is the property of Sir Hugh Stewart, Bart., whose handsome mansion, Ballygawley House, is about two miles distant from the town. Innismagh, the seat of Col. Verner; Anahoe, of H. Crossle, Esq.; and Martray, of Mervyn Stewart, Esq., are within the parish. A small manufacture of gloves is carried on in the town, which, from the goodness of the materials and the neatness of the workmanship, are in general demand. There is an extensive brewery, that has acquired celebrity for the quality of its ale, and a large distillery of malt whiskey has been established. The market is on Friday; it is amply supplied with provisions of all kinds, and every alternate week a large quantity of linen cloth is exposed for sale. Fairs are held on the second Friday in every month, principally for the sale of cattle, sheep, and pigs. A constabulary police force has been stationed here; petty sessions are held once a fortnight; and as the head of the manor of Moyenner or Ballygawley, manorial courts are held in the town for the recovery of debts not exceeding 40s. This district was constituted a parish in 1830, by an order of council under the provisions of an act of the 7th and 8th of George IVth, when eighteen townlands were separated from the parish of Errigal-Kerogue, in the barony of Clogher, and twelve from that of Carrenteel, in the barony of Dungannon, and formed into the parish of Ballygawley. These townlands are situated near the mountains and contain some good land, particularly on the north-east, where the soil is good and well cultivated. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Armagh, and in the alternate patronage of the Rectors of Errigal-Kerogue and Carrenteel. The curate's income is £70 per annum, contributed in moieties by the rector of Errigal-Kerogue and the archdeacon of Armagh, as incumbent of Carrenteel. The church is a small but handsome edifice, in the later English style, erected at an expense of £1000, of which sum, £900 was a gift from the late Board of First Fruits. There is a place of worship in the town for Presbyterians in connection with the Synod of Ulster, of the third class; also a Baptist meeting-house in the parish. A boys' school is supported by Sir Hugh Stewart, and there is a school at Knockany, together affording instruction to about 130 boys and 130 girls; there is also a private school at Lisgonnell of about 70 boys and 30 girls."[1837 Lewis] In 1846, "Ballygawley is a small market-town in the parish of Errial Kerrogue, barony of Clogher, in the same county as Aughnacloy, between 3-4 miles NNW from that town. It is an improving and propserous little place: the neighbourhood is interested in the linen manufacture, and in the town is a distillery and brewery, a large establishment belonging to Mr Armstrong. A new church and a Presbyterian chapel are the places of worship, and a dispensary the principal charitable institution. Fairs June 5th, September 2nd and November 2nd for cattle, sheep & pigs. The population, in 1841, was 881."[1846 Slater's] In 1880, "Ballygawley, a nice little village in Co Tyrone, the property of Sir John Stewart, Bart. 11 miles from Dungannon Railway Station. It contains a brewery & distillery, and a corn mill; 1 mile from the town is the Lisdourt Spinning Mill and Flax Mill. A monthly fair is held the 2nd Friday of the month and a market is every Friday throughout the year where you can find for sale potatoes, oats, butter, etc. Petty Sessions are the 3rd Tuesday of each month." The village had 3 churches (Church of Ireland, Presbyterian, Catholic), a hotel and an additional 10 licensed spirit dealers."[1880 Ulster Directory] In 1910 Ballygawley had a population of 351, three churches as well as meeting halls for the Brethren & the Baptists.[42] There were 8 licenced spirit merchants, which is one for every 43 residents, man, woman & child![42] Ballygawley today is just to the north of the intersection of the A5 (Omagh to Monaghan) and the A4 (Dungannon to Enniskillen) roads. It is a compact village focused in an ‘L’ shape along Main Street and Church Street, with a second cluster of development to the southwest. The main cluster contains the majority of the village’s facilities, including two primary schools, a number of churches and a range of shops and services. The cluster of development to the southwest contains a secondary level school and housing.[Wikipedia]

Main Street, Ballygawley, around 1900
Image - Lyn Neeve [Flickr]

Lisbeg House, Lisbeg townland, Ballygawley

James' family signed the Ulster Covenant at "Lisbeg House, Ballygawley". Lisbeg House itself is in Lisbeg townland, south of Ballygawley. It seems odd that Irwins living in Cavey and Ballygawley would travel down there to sign the covenant. On the other hand, the Lisbeg Orange Hall is located in Church St, Ballygawley and in itself would seem a more logical location for the signing.

1.1.2.4. Mary Irwin,[21] (d/o James 'The Red' Sr, s/o Thomas, s/o Archibald), born between 1836-1840, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[11,21,31] {[11] gives a DOB of 1837, but unsubstantiated} Died 7/4/1929, Timaru, New Zealand (93yo),[31,113,114,115] & buried 8/4/1929, Block G, Plot 308, General Section, Timaru Cemetery, Timaru, NZ (92yo).[115] "In Loving Memory of William Rooney. Died Feb 11th 1892, Aged 45 Years. Also his wife Mary, Died April 7th 1929, Aged 92 years. So loved, so mourned."[115] Emigrated to New Zealand,[31] on the 'Indian Empire', arriving at Lyttelton, New Zealand 23/7/1865.[113] Mary's passage was sponsored by (paid for) Robert Irwin (Mary's 1st cousin and who also married her sister, Elizabeth).[113] Married William Rooney,[11] 23/12/1865, Timaru, New Zealand,[31] at the home of Rev. E. Barclay, minister of Trinity Presbyterian Church, Timaru, NZ.[113] William, s/o John Rooney & 'Sloan' {presumably his mother's maiden name}, born c.1839, County Tyrone, Ireland {[113] suggests possibly born Killymorgan, Co Tyrone}, and died 11/2/1892, Christchurch, New Zealand (53yo),[31,113,114] cause of death was epilepsy & dementia.[113] Buried 13/2/1892, Block D, Row 31, General Section, Timaru Cemetery, Timaru, NZ.[115] {Note that whilst William shares a gravestone with his wife, he is actually buried elsewhere in the family plot of Robert Irwin Sr.[115]} William, a farm labourer,[31] emigrated on the 'Mermaid', arriving at Lyttelton, New Zealand 27/12/1862 (22yo).[113] William was a farmer, 1865.[113] Resided 1884-1929, No.5 Banks Street, Timaru, New Zealand.[113]

Children of Mary Irwin & William Rooney:

Mary Elizabeth Rooney, born 21/11/1866, Timaru, New Zealand.[31,113,114] {[31] gives middle name of Ellen. [114] does not give parents} Died 9/4/1924 (55yo),[114,115] & buried 10/4/1924, Block G, Row 306, General Section, Timaru Cemetery, Timaru, NZ (35yo).[115] There is no gravestone, just a marker, "Mary Cuthbertson. Died April 9th 1924. Aged 55 years".[115] Married Hugh Cuthbertson, 23/10/1896, Otautau, Southland, New Zealand.[113,114] Hugh born 1854, Co Tyrone, Ireland,[113] died 1931 (79yo),[114] & buried 19/8/1931 with his wife, Timaru Cemetery, Timaru, NZ (79yo).[115] Hugh has neither a marker or gravestone.[115]

Children: (a)		Olive Mary Rooney, born 7/4/1893, Timaru, New Zealand.[113] {Parentage uncertain. Mother listed as Mary Rooney, father listed as Rooney. [113] suggests possibly an illegitimate child of William Jr, however since the mother is listed but no father I suspect Olive was the illegitimate child of Mary Elizabeth} Resided with, as a child, and raised by Mary Rooney nee Irwin, her grandmother.[113] Died 8/4/1966, Christchurch Public Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand (66yo) of cancer.[113] Not buried at Timaru.[115] Married Eric John Ross Smeal, 21/7/1937, Christchurch, New Zealand.[113] Eric born 22/11/1884, Oamaru, New Zealand & died 1961, Christchurch, New Zealand.[113] At the time of her death Mary resided No.27 Gilby Street, Linwood, Christchurch, New Zealand.[113] No issue - Mary's will leaves her entire estate to the surviving grandchildren of Mary Rooney (nee irwin).[113]
(b)		Hugh Cuthbertson, born 2/1/1901, Southland, New Zealand.[113,114] Possibly the Norman Hugh Cuthbertson who married Victoria May Bradbrook, 1926, New Zealand.[114]
(c)		William Cuthbertson, born 30/3/1903, Southland, New Zealand.[113,114] Possibly married Tottie Eagle Clinch, 1924, New Zealand.[114]
(d)		Elwood Cuthbertson, born 19/1/1910, Southland, New Zealand.[113]

ii.

Annie Rooney, born 10/3/1871, Timaru, New Zealand.[31,113] Died 1945, Invercargill, New Zealand (69yo).[113,114] Married John Blomfield, 19/4/1897, Timaru, New Zealand.[113,114] John was a store keeper in Winton, New Zealand.[113] After John's death Annie resided at No.151 Richie Street, North Invercargill, New Zealand.[113]

Children: (a)		Charles John Blomfield, born 1902, Wairio, Southland, New Zealand.[113,114] Commercial traveller.[113] Married Phyllis Alfreda Stenhouse.[113] Had issue.[113]
(b)		Eric William Blomfield, born 1904, Wairio, Southland, New Zealand.[113,114] Died 21/3/1982, Tauranga, New Zealand.[113] Sawmiller.[113] Married Hazel Rata Elley, 1932, Invercargill, New Zealand.[113] Had issue.[113]

iii.

Agnes Jane Rooney, born 18/10/1875, Timaru, New Zealand.[31,113,114] Died 10/3/1951, Timaru, New Zealand (73yo),[31,113,114,115] & buried 12/3/1951, Block H, Plot 257, General Section, Timaru Cemetery, Timaru, NZ (73yo).[115] "In Loving Memory of William John, Beloved Husband of Agnes Black. Died Sept 29th 1946, Aged 63. So Loved, so mourned. Also Agnes, Beloved wife of the above, Died March 10th 1951, aged 73".[115] Married William John Black,[31] 27/12/1929, Timaru, New Zealand.[113] {[114] gives this marriage to Agnes Maud. If this date is correct then the children listed below are not to this marriage since Agnes would have been 54yo when she married} William, a dentist, was born 1882, Dunedin, New Zealand,[31,113] died 29/9/1946, Banks Street, Timaru, New Zealand,[31] & buried 1/10/1946 in the same plot as his wife, Timaru Cemetery, Timaru, NZ (62yo).[115]

Children: (a)		Charles Black.[31]
(b)		Ian Black.[31]
(c)		Keith Black.[31]

iv.

Catherine Augusta Rooney, born 1878, Timaru, New Zealand.[113] Died 13/7/1956, Devonport, New Zealand & buried Tauranga, New Zealand.[113] {Curiously [114] lists a Catherine Augusta, d/o James & Sarah, born 1895} Married Alfred Brown, 12/3/1902, Timaru, New Zealand, at her mother's home, No.8 Banks Street, Timaru, New Zealand {note this clashes with the address given above of No.5}.[113,114] Resided Tauranga, New Zealand.[113] After Alfred's death 'Gussie' was the proprietor of the 'Star Hotel', Tauranga, New Zealand.[113] Prior to her death she had moved to Devonport, where she died.[113] No known issue.[113]

William John Rooney,[11] born 1879, Timaru, New Zealand.[31,114] {[113] gives a DOB of 1870, based on listed age at death} Died 5/1932 (61yo),[31] & buried 17/5/1932, Block G, Plot 533, General Section, Timaru Cemetery, Timaru, NZ (63yo).[115] William is buried in the same plot as his son, Norman. There is no gravestone, just a marker, "W. J. Rooney, May 1932".[115] Land agent.[113] Married Janet Clara Ferguson,[31] 25/4/1898, Timaru, New Zealand.[113,114] Janet born 21/2/1873, Geraldine, New Zealand,[31,113] died 29/10/1950, North Street, Timaru, New Zealand (78yo),[31,114] & buried 31/10/1950 Block G, Plot 534, General Section, Timaru Cemetery, Timaru, NZ (78yo), adjacent to her husband's plot.[115] There is no gravestone, just a marker, "Janet Clara Rooney. Died Oct 29th 1950".[115] Resided succesively at No's 193, 189 and 191 North Street, Timaru, all built by William.[113]

Children: (a)		Audrey Wickham Rooney, born 28/2/1899, Timaru, New Zealand.[11,31,113,114] Died 5/8/1987, Timaru, New Zealand,[113,115] & buried 2/9/1987, Block G, Plot 534, General Section, Timaru Cemetery, Timaru, NZ (88yo), in the same plot as her mother, Janet.[115] There is no gravestone, just a marker, "Audrey Wickham Power, 28.2.1899-5.8.1987, Daughter of Janet".[115] Milliner & seamstress.[113] Married Arthur Lanceley Power, 9/3/1927, Christchurch, New Zealand.[113,114] Arthur, a hairdresser & tramway employee, born 13/8/1877.[113] After Arthur's death Audrey & her children lived with her mother, Janet, remaining there until she died.[113] Arthur is not buried at Timaru.[115] Had issue.[113] Audrey resided at No.4 Archer Street, Timaru, New Zealand, at the time of her death.[115]
(b)		Norman Redvers Rooney, born 20/3/1900, Timaru, New Zealand.[31,113,114] Died 25/3/1926, Sunnyside Mental Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand (26yo),[113,114] & buried with his father, 26/3/1926, Block G, Plot 533, General Section, Timaru Cemetery, Timaru, NZ (27yo).[115] There is no gravestone, just a marker "N. R. Rooney, Feb 1926"[115] Cause of death was epilepsy.[113] Labourer.[113] No issue.[113]
(c)		William Oswald Rooney, born 29/3/1901, Timaru, New Zealand.[31,113,114] Died 15/1/1974, Timaru, New Zealand.[31,113] Not buried at Timaru.[115] Horticulturalist.[113] Married Mabel Gwendoline Jervis, 1927, Timaru, New Zealand.[113,114] Had issue.[113]
(d)		Francis Arthur Elwood Rooney, born 11/10/1905, Timaru, New Zealand.[31,113,114] Died 6/4/1966, Mahitahi, South Westland, New Zealand.[31,113] Cause of death was a heart attack.[113] Not buried at Timaru.[115] Auto-electrician, employed by Young Brothers, first at Timaru and then at No.190 Oxford Terrace, Christchurch, from 1922-1955.[113] Assistant manager at Vesta Battery Company, 1955-1965.[113] Married Mima Crozier Kofoed,[31] 2/12/1936, St Martin's Anglican, NE Valley, Dunedin, New Zealand.[113] Resided 1936-1957, No.46 Harrow Street, Linwood, Christchurch, New Zealand.[113] Had issue.[113]

Tombstone, William & Mary Rooney, Timaru

Mary Rooney (nee Irwin), 1910s
Image - Robert Irwin

William J, William O, Francis, Norman,
Janet & Audrey Rooney, c.1912 Image - Robert Irwin

1.1.4.1. James Irwin,[7,9,146] (s/o Thomas, s/o Thomas, s/o Archibald), born between 1815-1820 {eldest known child born 1841},[7] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,11] Died 15/3/1883, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone,[3,7,9,11,31,150] & buried Ballynasaggart Townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (80yo).[150] {The stated age at death seems anomalous. It is possible that the births of James the Black & James the Red have been swapped around by researchers, however James the Red was having children as early as 1825, whilst the earliest confirmed children for James the Black were born in the 1840s. The date of deaths for the two James' are correct, ie: James the Black died 1883, as testified by Valuations between 1860-1915, which distinguished the two as Red & Black. The wives of the two James' are also correct, as given, attested by baptism records & Valuations. At the risk of massive changes to the whole genealogy, which would be incompatable with other known data, the most likely scenario is that the recorded age at death is in error. An age at death of 70 or even 60 would be more likely} Known as James 'The Black' Irwin.[146] Married Jane.[146,153] Jane possibly the Mrs J. Irwin born 1810, died 13/8/1885, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone & buried Ballynasaggart Townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (75yo).[150] {Else the death was that of Elizabeth, widow of James the Red, however note a search for a death of Elizabeth Jane Irwin, d.1882-5, in the Irish BMDs by PRONI failed to find a death} James 'The Black' leased land at Cavey until 1884 when he vanished from the Valuations.[146] The land James was leasing was then taken over by his son, Richard.[146] In 1860 was a tenant of Anketell Moutray, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone.[146] James listed as James Irwin the Black, he was leasing a house, land & out-buildings, his land consisted three separate parcels.[146] Two smaller parcels of 6 acres 1 rood 10 perches (25,546 square meters) and 1 acre 3 rood 5 perches (7208 square metres), valued at £4 15s and £2 10s, respectively.[146] James' 3rd block was considerably larger, 14 acres 1 rood 20 perches (58,174 square metres), valued at £6 10s and containing a residence, valued at 15s.[146] James' total annual valuation was £14 10s.[146] By 1861 his larger block had increased to 20 acres 2 rood 10 perches (83,213 square metres), the smallest block remained unchanged and the remaining block had shrunk to 3 acres 1 rood 20 perches (13,658 square acres).[146] The larger block was valued at £9 5s and the two smaller blocks both valued at £2 10s.[146] His residence, on the larger block, had increased in value to £1 15s, an increase of over 230%![146] {the totals for 1860 & 1861 both correctly reflect the stated land & residence, so if there is a mistake, it is in both the valuation of the house and also the total. The jump in the valuation of the home does however seem excessive!} His total annual valuation for 1861 was £15.[146] In 1861 James was leasing out (either as an owner or sub-leasing) a house and gardens to Neal Bell, with land of 35 perches (885 square metres) valued at 17s and a dwelling valued at 5s.[146] In 1870 & 1878 James was leasing the same three properties (as of 1870 leased from Rev John James Moutray), however by 1870 James had cancelled his lease on the house & gardens he had aquired in 1861 & leased out to Neal Bell.[146] In 1884 the lease for all three properties was transferred to Richard Irwin.[146] Resided 1844, 1846, 1855, 1860, 1861, 1870, 1878, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[146]

Children of James Irwin & Jane:

James Irwin, born 1841, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[388] Died between 1901-1911. {James' son, Archibald, was living with Richard, s/o James Sr, in 1911, listed as nephew} Presbyterian, reads only, 1901.[388] Farm labourer, 1901.[388] Married Eliza Meneiss, 18/6/1875, Aughnacloy Presbyterian Church, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[165] {No known issue} Married 2nd Jane Kyle,[150] 2/10/1890, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[165] Jane born 1861/1865,[150,388] Co Tyrone, Ireland,[388] & died 4/1/1905 (40yo), Ballygawley & buried Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone.[150] Jane was Presbyterian & literate, 1901.[388] Resided 1894-1896, Findrum townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[150] Resided 1901, house No.65, Ballygawley, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland (Irvine).[388]

Children: (a)		Sarah Anne Irwin, born 1891, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[148,388] Presbyterian & literate, 1901, 1911.[149,388] Domestic servant, 1911.[149] Resided 1901, with parents, Ballygawley, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland (Irvine).[388] Resided 1911, in household of John Foster Fairbanks, Church of Ireland Rector, house #120, Ballygawley, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone.[149]
(b)		John Alexander Irwine, born c.1892, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[150] Died 6/6/1894 (2yo), Findrum townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland, & buried Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[150]
(c)		Thomas Irwine, born c.1893, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[150] Died 26/5/1894 (9mo), Findrum townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland, & buried Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[150]
(d)		George Irwine, born c.1893, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[150] Died 6/6/1894 (9mo), Findrum townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland, & buried Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[150]
(e)		Samuel Irwine, born c.1895, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[150] Died 27/3/1896 (8mo), Findrum townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland, & buried Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[150]
(f)		Archibald 'Archie' Irwin, born 1899, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[148,388] Presbyterian & literate, 1911.[148] Resided 1901, with parents, Ballygawley, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland (Irvine).[388] Resided 1911, with uncle, Richard Irwin of Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[148]

ii.

Margaret Irwin, born before 1845,[7] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[7] {Margaret married and lived her life in and around Ballygawley. It is reasonable to assume that traditional Irish naming patterns might apply. Her eldest daughter would be named after either herself or her mother. She was named Jane. Her mother in law was Anne. Margaret did not name a child Elizabeth. All of this points to Margaret being the daughter of James the Black who married Jane and not James the Red who married Elizabeth} Married John McClelland, 11/4/1863, Aughnacloy Presbyterian Church, Carnteel Parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[7] John born 1832, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland, son of John & Anne McClelland;[7] died 1906, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[7]

Children: (a)

John McClelland, born {baptised?} 8/5/1865, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[7] Farmer, 1911.[148] Married Mary Anne, 1901.[148] Mary Ann born 1881, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[148] Resided 1911, house No.5, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[148] All were listed as Episcopalian (Church of Ireland) and literate (apart from the infants).[148]

Children: (1)		John McLelland, born 1902, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[148] With parents, 1911.[148]
(2)		Elizabeth McLelland, born 1903, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[148] With parents, 1911.[148]
(3)		James McLelland, born 1906, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[148] With parents, 1911.[148]
(4)		Samuel McLelland, born 1910, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[148] With parents, 1911.[148]
(5)		William McLelland, born 1910, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[148] With parents, 1911.[148]

(b)

William McClelland, born {baptised?} 3/9/1866, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[7] General labourer, 1911.[149] Church of Ireland.[149] Married unknown. Wife died before 1911.[149] Resided, 1911, as boarder with James & Annie Irwin, house No.75, Ballygawley, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (40yo).[149]

(c)

Jane McClelland, born 1868, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[7] Died 1877.[7]

(d)

Thomas McClelland, born {baptised?} 18/10/1869, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[7] Married Susan Gilkeson, 1904.[7]

(e)

Margaret McClelland, born 8/8/1871, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[7,30] Died 27/8/1939, Laragh, Clogherny, County Tyrone, Ireland.[7] Buried 31/8/1938, Clogherny Church, Beragh, County Tyrone, Ireland.[7] Married George McCausland, 3/1/1895, Ballygawley Church, Errigal Keerogue Parish, County Tyrone, Ireland, son of James McCausland and Anne Moore.[7] George was born 1852, Laragh, County Tyrone, Ireland, and died 10/5/1914, Laragh, County Tyrone, Ireland.[7]

(f)

Rachel McClelland, born {baptised?} 22/9/1873, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[7]

(g)

James McClelland, born 1876, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[7]

(h)

Samuel McClelland, born {baptised?} 2/5/1877, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[7] Presbyterian & literate, 1911.[148] General servant, 1911.[148] Resided, 1911, with uncle Richard Irwin, house No.3, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (30yo).[148] Did not marry (as of 1911).[148]

iii.

Sarah Irwin,[3,7,9,11] born 12/7/1844, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone,[146] & baptised 12/7/1844, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31,146,153] {Baptism record indicates d/o James & Jane and so not the d/o James 'The Red'} Presbyterian & literate, 1911.[148] Church of Ireland, literate & single, 1901.[388] Dressmaker, 1901.[388] Resided 1901, with brother, Richard, house No.3, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (45yo).[388] Resided, 1911, with brother Richard, house No.3, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (71yo).[148] Did not marry (as of 1911).[148]

iv.

Archibald Irwin,[7,25,27] born 12/7/1844, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone,[146] & baptised 12/7/1844,[31,146] Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31,146,153] {Baptism record indicates s/o James & Jane and so not the d/o James 'The Red' married Elizabeth}

Richard Irwin,[3,9,11] born 29/1/1846,[7,146] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone & baptised 8/2/1846, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31,146,153] William Ferguson the officiating minister.[146] Died c.1915.[3,11] In 1884 was a tenant of Anketell Moutray, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, on land previously leased by his father.[146] He was leasing a house, land & out-buildings, his land consisted three separate parcels.[146] Two smaller parcels of 3 acres 1 rood 20 perches (13,658 square acres) and 1 acre 3 rood 5 perches (7208 square metres), both valued at £2 10s.[146] The 3rd, larger, block consisted of 20 acres 2 rood 10 perches (83,213 square metres) land, valued at £9 5s, containing a residence valued at £1 15s.[146] His total annual valuation was £15.[146] Richard was still leasing the same three blocks in 1907.[146] Church of Ireland, literate & single, 1901.[388] In the 1911 census (2/4/1911) was listed as a farmer, presbyterian, single & illiterate (70yo).[148] On 28/9/1912, then a resident at Cavey, was a signatory of the Ulster Covenant at Ballinasaygart, Ballygawley, protesting the plans by the British government to give Ireland a limited measure of local autonomy known as 'Home Rule' (opposition delayed the passing of the bill until the start of WW1 when the plans were shelved. Home Rule was not granted until 1998).[147] Resided 1901, house No.4, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (head of household).[388] Living with Richard in 1911 was his sister, Sarah.[388] Resided 1911, house No.3, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (head of household).[148] Living with Richard in 1911 was his sister, Sarah, and nephews Archibald Irwin (born c.1899, Co Tyrone, nephew. 12yo, scholar, presbyterian & literate) & Samuel McClelland, all unmarried.[148] Resided 1912, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone.[147] Did not marry (as of 1911).[148]

vi.

William Irwin, born c.1848,[7,31,150] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland. Married Sarah Irwin, 12/12/1873,[7,31] Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland. {Sarah was the d/o Archibald Irwin (1.1.5). Given the scandal over the marriage of Robert (Sarah's brother) & Elizabeth Irwin, who were first cousins, it seems likely that William & Sarah were not 1st cousins since they remained in Cavey and there was never any indication of family scandal passed down through their descendants, this in turn indicates that William was the s/o James the Black since being a s/o James the Red would make him Sarah's first cousin}

vii.

John Irwin,[7,9,11,20,31,32] born 1854/1855,[150] baptised 13/7/1855, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[31] {[3,11,41] gives an estimated DOB of 1856/1857} Died 13/10/1899, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone & buried Ballynasaggart Townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (45yo).[150] }{DOD is partially unreadable and may be 1898} Married Ann Stewart.[3,9,11] {Stewart appears to be the correct spelling. A nephew of Anne's was living with her in 1911 and is listed as Harry Stewart, 9yo.[149]} Ann was born c.1858,[337] Scotland,[149] and died 14/7/1947, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland (89yo).[3,11,41,337] Buried Presbyterian Burial Ground, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[337] {[41] claims Ann was born c.1853, however this would have made her too old for her later children & conflicts with the 1911 census data, [3,11] give an estimabed DOB of c.1863} Ann married John's 2nd cousin, James Irwin, after John's death.

"Mrs Annie Irwin. The Diamond, Ballygawley. The death of Mrs Annie Irwin of The Diamond, Ballygawley, took place on Monday 14th July. The deceased lady had reached the age of 89 years and her death means that one of our oldest links with the past has been severed. Death occurred after about five week's illness and the sympathy of town and district was extended to her family in their bereavement. During her last illness she was faithfully nursed by herdaughter Jean, who, with her son George resided with her. Her other daughter, Mrs baxter of Belfast, was also with her at the last. Her other son Tom has resided in the USA for several years. Deceased made many friends during her business life in the district and the attendance at her funeral bore ample testimony to the respect in which she was held. The funeral took place on Wednesday 16th July to Presbyterian Burial Ground, Ballygawley. Rev. W. Bell, B.A., conducted the services in the home and at the graveside. Beautiful wreaths were laid by members of the family. The chief mourners at the funeral were George Irwin (son), William baxter (son in law), Joseph Baxter (grandson) and numerous other relatives. Funeral arrangements were carried out by Messers N. Duff & Sons, Ballygawley."[337]

Children: (a)

Harry Irwin,[172,173] born Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,9] Died c.1925, Black Diamond Mine, Black Diamond, King County, Washington, USA,[3,41,105] died in a mine explosion.[41,405] Powder monkey.[41] Not living with mother in 1911 census, either married or deceased.[149] Emigrated to USA c.1910.[41] Married with issue at time of death.[3] Harry was married & after his death his widow took the children back to Ballygawley, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[405]

(b)

Charles Irwin,[41,172,173] born Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,9] Died c.1949, Seattle, Washington, USA.[3,41] Emigrated to USA c.1901.[171] "A genial big man with quite a trace of the burr denoting his early childhood in the North Country of England, Charles Irwin is the owner and manager of the Ideal Cash & Carry Grocery at 303 Nickerson St. Born in Maryport, Cumberland, very near to the Scotch border, young Irwin was raised in the locale of the famous Newcastle coal mines and from there learned his first trade, that of mining. In 1901 he came to the United States and engaged in mining in Illinois in his youth. In 1907 he made his way westward to Seattle and Black Diamond to work in the mines until 1910 when he left to become secretary of the Green River Coal Company at Bend, Washington where he remained until 1913. He has been in the grocery business during the past twenty years. Mr Irwin is a resident of the North End and is married and has a girl, Maxine, and a boy, Harry. He is a member of the Black Diamond Masonic Lodge and follows fishing, shooting and golf, when he can get any spare time. In 1925 Mr Irwin returned to England and the British Isles to visit his parents and native city. His two sisters and mother live in Northern Ireland."[171] Grocer.[41] Married Lena (surname unknown), Black Diamond, Washington, USA.[3,41] Resided Vashon Island, Washington, USA.[405]

Children: (1)		Maxine Irwin, born Black Diamond, King County, Washington, USA.[3,41] Married Jack Matilda.[3,41]
(2)		Harry Irwin, born Black Diamond, King County, Washington, USA.[3,41] Married Marion.[3,41]

(c)

Jeanie Irwin,[9,173] born 1895,[149] Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,21,41] Died 1978, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,39] Dressmaker, 1911.[149] On 28/9/1912, then a resident at Ballygawley, was a signatory of the Ulster Declaration at Lisbeg House, Ballygawley, protesting the plans by the British government to give Ireland a limited measure of local autonomy known as 'Home Rule' (opposition delayed the passing of the bill until the start of WW1 when the plans were shelved. Home Rule was not granted until 1998).[147] Was co-owner of the "Irwin's Diamond Bar" with her half-brother, George.[41] Resided 1911 with mother & step-father, house No.75, Ballygawley, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (16yo).[149]Did not marry.[41]

(d)

Annie Irwin,[9,173] born 1897,[149] Ballygawley, County Tyrone. [3,21,41] Died 1981, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,9] Resided 1911 with mother & step-father, house No.75, Ballygawley, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (14yo).[149] Married William Baxter[9] of Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,41] William died 1953.[3] William was the owner of Baxter Linen Mills, Bangor, Northern Ireland.[3,41]

Children: (1)		Ian Baxter, born Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,41] Died 1974.[3,41] Married Margaret.[3,41]
(2)		Joe Baxter, born Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,41] Died 1978.[3,41] Married Jane.[3,41]

(e)

Mary Irwin,[9,173] born Ballygawley, County Tyrone.[3,21,41] Died Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[3,41] Died young, was a sickly child according to her brother, Thomas.[41] Died young of a crippling disease.[173] {The 1911 census says Mary's mother had only two children to her 2nd marriage, thus Mary must be from the marriage of John & Anne}

(f)

John Irwin.[3] Possibly eldest child.[3] Killed by a bread wagon.[3]

Ballygawley Church of Ireland, Church St

Fair Day, Main Street, Ballygawley
Image - 'bqpostcards' [Flickr]

The Ballygawley Church of Ireland, Church Street, Ballygawley, is the 'mother church' for the parish of Errigle Keerogue, which includes, in addition to the main church at Ballygawley, churches at Ballynasaggart (St Matthew's) & Killeshill (St Paul's), both of which are administered by the mother church, even though St Matthew's & St Paul's are both older parishes. "The Ballygawley church was built in 1831 by William Warren. A Gothic style church consisting of nave, (3 tall pointed arch windows to sides) and a 1 bay projecting sanctuary flanked by lean-to outbuilding. Front gable has a large bellcote with fine octagonal pointed pinnacles. Square corner buttresses topped by octagonal pinnacles to sides of front gable façade. Large central stone single porch with recessed pointed arch doorway, projects out from main gable. Built from buff-pink Dungannon standstone using the random-coursed tooled ashlar technique. The sandstone blockwork is in reasonable condition but there is some evidence of isolated stone block deterioration and surface loss through flaking and granular disintegration."[373]

1.4.1.1.1. William Irwin, (s/o James, s/o Thomas, s/o Thomas, s/o Archibald) born c.1848,[7,31] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland. Died 1/3/1894,[7,31,324] Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland,[31,150,324] & buried Ballynasaggart Townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (46yo).[150] Administration of the estate of William Irwin, late of Cavey, Co Tyrone, Farmer, granted 26/7/1907, at Armagh to Sarah Irwin, widow.[324] Effects valused at £172.[324] Labourer.[31] Farmer; Church of Ireland.[31] Married Sarah Irwin, 12/12/1873,[7,31] Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland. {Sarah was the d/o Archibald Irwin (1.1.5). Given the scandal over the marriage of Robert (Sarah's brother) & Elizabeth Irwin, who were first cousins, it seems likely that William & Sarah were not 1st cousins since they remained in Cavey and there was never any indication of family scandal passed down through their descendants, this in turn indicates that William was the s/o James the Black since being a s/o James the Red would make him Sarah's first cousin} Sarah Irwin, (d/o Archibald), born 1845,[148] baptised 2/2/1845, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, Co Tyrone, Ireland,[146] & died 1920.[7] In the 1911 census (2/4/1911) Sarah was listed as a farmer, presbyterian, widow & illiterate (65yo).[148] In 1878 was a tenant of Rev. John James Moutray, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone.[146] William's land consisted of a house, out-buildings and land: 20 acres 3 rood 25 perches (84,605 square metres) of land, valued at £16 3s with a residence valused at 17s, for a total valuation of £17.[146] The land was previously leased by Archibald Irwin, father of Sarah.[146] William was still leasing the same land in 1884.[146] Sarah was Presbyterian, literate, widowed & a farmer, 1901, 1911.[148,388] In 1912 & 1915 the land was leased by Mrs Irwin (presumably William's widow).[146] On 28/9/1912, then a resident at Cavey, was a signatory of the Ulster Declaration at Lisbeg House, Ballygawley, protesting the plans by the British government to give Ireland a limited measure of local autonomy known as 'Home Rule' (opposition delayed the passing of the bill until the start of WW1 when the plans were shelved. Home Rule was not granted until 1998).[147] Resided 1878, 1884, 1912, 1915, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[146,147] Resided 1901, house No.1, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[388] Resided 1911, house No.1, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (head of household), living with her were sons Archibald, William & John.[148]

Children of William Irwin & Sarah Irwin:

Archibald Irwin, born c.1874, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish & baptised 6/4/1874, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31,153] {[31] gives baptism at St Kerrog's, however listed in the Presbyterian PRs. Subsequent siblings may also be incorrectly listed as baptised at St Kerrog's by [31]} Presbyterian & illiterate, 1911.[148] Resided, 1901, 1911, with mother, house No.1, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[148,388] On 28/9/1912, then a resident at Cavey, was a signatory of the Ulster Covenant at Lisbeg House, Ballygawley, protesting the plans by the British government to give Ireland a limited measure of local autonomy known as 'Home Rule' (opposition delayed the passing of the bill until the start of WW1 when the plans were shelved. Home Rule was not granted until 1998).[147] Unmarried as of 1911.[148]

ii.

Robert Irwine, born c.1877, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[150] {Presumed son. Died in Cavey townland & at the time Robert was born, only William & Sarah Irwin were having children} Died 11/3/1899 (22yo), Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland, & buried Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland (rites at Ballygawley Presbyterian Church).[150]

iii.

Margaret Jane Irwin, born c.1879, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish & baptised 12/10/1879, St Matthew, Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31]

iv.

William Irwin, born c.1882, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish & baptised 16/1/1882, St Matthew, Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31] Presbyterian & literate, 1911.[148] Resided, 1901, 1911, with mother, house No.1, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[148,388] On 28/9/1912, then a resident at Cavey, was a signatory of the Ulster Covenant at Lisbeg House, Ballygawley, protesting the plans by the British government to give Ireland a limited measure of local autonomy known as 'Home Rule' (opposition delayed the passing of the bill until the start of WW1 when the plans were shelved. Home Rule was not granted until 1998).[147] Married Margaret Jean Snoddy,[31] between 1911-1915.

Children: (a)		Jeanette Irwin, born 1/9/1915, Ballygawley, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31] {[31] lists Jeanette as d/o both William & his brother, James. Placement uncertain}
(b)		Nan Irwin, born 6/6/1917, Martray or Moutray, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31]
(c)		Lawrence Matthew Irwin, born 1/8/1919, Martray or Moutray, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31] Died 1/11/1933 (14yo).[31]
(d)		George Irwin, born 29/11/1925, Martray or Moutray, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31]
(e)		William Henry Irwin, born 21/6/1931, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31]

James Irwin, born c.1884, Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish & baptised 25/8/1884, St Matthew, Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31] Died 8/7/1909 (26yo), buried Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland (rites at Ballygawley Presbyterian Church).[150] James was a farmer at Cavey townland, Errigal Keerogue parish.[31] Resided, 1901, with mother, house No.1, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[388]

vi.

John Irwin, born c.1889, Cavey & baptised 11/11/1889, St Matthew, Church of Ireland, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31] Presbyterian & literate, 1911.[148] Resided, 1901, 1911, with mother, house No.1, Cavey, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[148,388] On 28/9/1912, then a resident at Cavey, was a signatory of the Ulster Covenant at Lisbeg House, Ballygawley, protesting the plans by the British government to give Ireland a limited measure of local autonomy known as 'Home Rule' (opposition delayed the passing of the bill until the start of WW1 when the plans were shelved. Home Rule was not granted until 1998).[147] Unmarried as of 1911.[148]

Typical early 1800s farmhouse, Errigal Keerogue
Image - Sandra Armstrong [Flickr]

Located in the far west of Errigal Keerogue parish are the ruins of the church which gave its name to the parish, located near intersection of Errigal & Glenchull Rds in the townland of Errigal Keerogue (modern spelling).[373] The church is thought to date from the late 1400s. In the graveyard is a massive sandstone cross, between six and seven feet in height. It consists of a shaft of about one foot in width, surmounted by a circular solid head, 2 feet 4 inches in diameter. Above this head the shaft projects about seven inches and at each side the arms, which are extremely short, protrude by an inch or so. It is clear that the cutting of this monument was never completed, perhaps on account of the serious flaw in the stone. One can clearly see the worker's guide lines in the stone. The cross is thought to be older than the church, suggesting there may have been an earlier church on the site.[Flickr] The church is a rectangular ruin aligned East-West, the walls survive to 2-3m high at the western end. The doorway opening exists, but no dressing remains. Built from buff-pink local sandstone using the rough-coursed rubble method. The sandstone blockwork is in reasonable condition but with some evidence of block deterioration and surface loss through bedding-plane erosion and granular disintegration.[373]

There are a few Irwin strays around 1900 who may be part of this family but at this stage I have not been able to place within the tree.

Eliza Ann Irwin, born c.1861, presbyterian & literate, was a widow living in house #4, Cravenny Scotch townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone.[160] Eliza was a farmer & living with her was Sarah Busby (widowed sister), born c.1851, and Martha Dickson (sister, unmarried), born c.1866.[160] Eliza may be connected with the Cavey Irwins or may be a stray from a neighbouring parish.

Elizabeth Irwine, born c.1802, died 19/2/1897 (95yo [may be 75]), Armagh (born or from?) & buried Ballygawley Presbyterian Church.[150]

Ann Irwin, married Robert Jones, 17/3/1849, Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[165] {Possible d/o James 'the Red' & Ann}

Catherine Irwin, married James Reed, 5/5/1846, St Matthew CoI, Ballynasaggart townland, Errigal Keerogue parish, Co Tyrone, Ireland.[165]

Sarah Irwin, born 2/1/1844, d/o Robert Irwin & Isabel McKinley, & baptised Ballygawley Presbyterian Church, Ballygawley, Co Tyrone, Ireland. [153]

John Irwin, born 28/3/1910, Errigal Keerogue parish, County Tyrone, Ireland.[31] {According to [31] was the s/o James & Ann (presumably Ann Stewart}, however a granddaughter of Ann states that Ann did have a son named John, but he was her eldest child, thus probably born in the 1880s} Even tho' [31] states John was born 1910, John is not listed in the 1811 Co Tyrone census (including surname variations), which casts some doubt on the accuracy of the data. According to [31] John married Jane McMaster and had issue: Sarah jane (b.1932) & Margaret (b.1934).